April 17, 1985

MEDICINE

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FIGHTING CANCER WITH HEAT

SAN DIEGO (AP) — Putting patients in a fancy “baking oven” to help kill cancer cells proved safe in preliminary studies, renewing interest in the once-risky process of heating the entire body instead of just tumors, researchers say.

By heating the whole body, along with radiation or chemotherapy, it is possible to attack cancers that have spread throug’ the body — hing that can't be done when heat is applied with electrodes only to localized tumors, says Dr. H. Ian Robins of the University of Wisconsin.

Earlier efforts to utilize whole-body heat through baths of water or wax or by putting a person in space suit-like heating devices fel] from favor several years ago because it was hard to avoid overheating that caused harmful side effects and death.

“We reasoned that a radiant heat system — the kind of heat we get from the sun or a light bulb — might solve our problems,” Robins said recently during the American Gancer Society's annual science writers’ seminar.

Se Robins and Enthermics Inc. of Menomonee Falls, Wis., developed the oven — which looks like an iron lung machine and is called a “radiant heat device” — to allow precise control of body temperature.

He said the device has been used more than 160 times on about 30 patients without causing death and the other adverse side effects of previous whole-body heating methods, which included heart failure, abnormal heart rhythm, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, nerve damage, strokes, seizures, bleeding, burns and sores.

APPROVES STUDY

The preliminary studies, approved by the Food and Drug Administration and funded by the National Cancer Institute, were aimed only at providing the device's safety. Large-scale studies at eight medical centres are planned to determine if the technique, coupled with i or

LIFESTYLES

VICTORIA (CP) —

to their ways.

change is “pie in the sk,

circumstances.

of drug

in British Columbia is undergoing a quiet revolution in which more emphasis is placed on the addict's habitat and less on the drugs that feed his habit.

Dr. Alan Clews of the Victoria alcohol and drug outpatient clinie says addicts choose their lot. It isn't so much drugs but environment and lifestyle that bind them

The thinking isn't new — the approach was in vogue when Clews was a medical student 33 years ago — but it has re-emerged as the predominant philosophy behind the government's current treatment programs.

But Staff Sgt. Bob Hawkes of the Victoria RCMP drug squad said the emphasis on abstinence is also a weakness of the programs because they provide nothing for those who can't or won't give up drugs.

Basing treatment on an addict's willingness to ” he said adding that treatment will be effective only if it is compulsory.

Clews says drug maintenance is not the only viable alternative and he only prescribes drugs in the rarest of

His authority to prescribe methadone, the legal substitute for heroin, is limited to p:

he only to di

Treating drug addicts

when he feels the mother’s

desire is so strong and uncontrollable that it poses a serious risk to the unborn child. IS OVER-USED Even Valium, a popular mood-modifier often used to

help addicts deal

ith their cravings for illicit drugs is

“vastly overused” in Clews’ opinion.

As one counsellor in the Victoria clinic put it, “Keeping an addict in a supply of drugs makes about as much sense as insisting an alcoholic drink a 26er a day to

control his problem.”

Counsellors contend drug maintenance has never been effective and it's even less so today because most

addicts are multi-drug users.

The move away from prescribing methadone has put pressure on doctors, not just from slick-talking addicts,

but also from the B.C.

College of Physicians and

Surgeons, which has investigated prescribing practises of

some of its 6,000 members.

Recently the college cited four Vancouver doctors for

conduct in

with their pi ib

ing of Valium. Each was fined $2,500 and costs. Clews said the convictions have reinforced doctors’

gnant women. And

appr about treating addicts.

Service spots return patients

CHICAGO (AP) — Doctors who have monitored a pa- tient’s medical complaints may soon gain access to his previous legal complaints with a new computer service that helps identify “profes- sional plaintiffs.”

For a $150 annual fee, Physician's Alert will tell a doctor whether a patient has filed malpractice, personal

chemotherapy, improves survival for cancer patients, Robins said.

One preliminary study of 12 patients with certain blood cancers found cancers regressed in three and were arrested in five when heat was coupled with chemotherapy, and fegressed in two others when heat was coupled with radiation, he said. Two patients didn't benefit from the technique.

The technique also is cheaper, faster and simpler than other whole-body heating methods. It takes eight minutes to prepare a patient before technicians “roll them into the baking oven,” said Vanderbilt University’s Dr. Benjamin Byrd, who believes Robins’ method will renew interest in heat therapy.

The patients were put in the oven for an hour and their body temperatures maintained at 41.7 degrees — hot enough to help kill cancer cells but just a fraction cooler than would be fatal for the patients.

Robins said the technique doesn't burn patients because the air in the oven remains cool as heating elements radiate energy to warm the body. It’s the-same phenomenor that makes people get very hot sitting in front of a fireplace even though the surrounding air doesn't get as warm.

While there is evidence heat can kill some cancer cells, no single type of treatment can kill all types, so heat must be used with radiation or chemotherapy, Robins said.

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injury or personal liability suits in circuit court, since 1976. i can

people who brought lawsuits were involved in previous litigation,” said Michael Eck- stein, president of Physi- cian's Alert.

“This will target people who slip getting

Eckstein said the business was profitable there, screen- ing about 100 patients a day for 40 physicians’ groups, but because the work was being done by hand, “they weren't

on a bus, or those who always cut their fingers on bottles,” Eckstein said. “All we're doing is disseminating public information quickly and at a reasonable cost. We absol- utely are not developing

for $2,500 a year.

“What prompted the ser- vice were two studies that found 35 per cent of the

ything like a blacklist.”

Physician's Alert first was offered in the Detroit area in 1983, but closed after about nine months.

prep: for the kind of volume it was generating.” Se Eckstein, a former manager with a Rochester, N.Y.-based health products conglomerate, teamed with LP. Sharp Associates, a time- share data communications with ters

records to take advantage of the Cook County court sys- tem’s sophisticated filing system.

The American Medical Association reported in Jan- uary that malpractice suits had tripled over the last dec- ade. The report said that in 1983 there were 16 claims for every 100 doctors, compared with fewer than five for every 100 doctors in 1975.

Dr. Robert Hamilton,

in Toronto, and bought Physician's Alert. Eckstein moved the service to Chicago where he computerized its

of the Illinois State Medical Society, said the need for such a service “is a sad commentary on our times.

New drug helps heart

TORONTO (CP) —An ex- perimental drug so effective in combating heart attacks that the U.S. government halted its assessment half- way through has been used in clinical trials in Canada since Janiiary.

The dtug has been shown to be twice as effective, when given intravenously, as cur rent medication for prevent- ing heart attacks.

A study being conducted at Hamilton General Hospital may prove crucial to the drug’s approval by both Can- adian and U.S. health author. ities, without which it can't be marketed.

Tissue-type plasminogen activator dissolves blood clots, the major cause of heart attacks. Drugs current ly in use can't dissolve clots.

Heart attacks killed 48,683 Canadians in 1983. And ac- cording to the Canadian Heart Foundation, heart dis-

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ease kills about 80,000 Can- adians a year — half of all deaths in Canada.

If this drug can be shown to dissolve blood clots, “it would be of immense benefit to millions of-people around the world,” said Ewing Me- Donald, executive director of the foundati

the drug might be of “im mense clinical value.”

“This has got tremendous potential,” said Dr. Charles

ents in all, he added.

The drug, he said, is free of the side effects of strep- tokinase; fever, rash and a

Turpie, one of two p heading Canada's ‘only clin- ical trial of the drug at Ham- ilton General. Hospital.

The study, in which 14 patients with deep vein

The new drug, a human blood substance now being created through gene-splic- ing, is twice ‘as effective as streptokinase, a drug used by Canadian doctors for five years.

The new treatment gen.

t is (blood clots in the legs) have been treated so far, is comparing the effects of heparin — a standard an- ticoagulant used to treat blood clots — and the new drug ation with heparin.

“We're showing some ben- efit,” rtd said. The study,

erated when the New England Journal of Medicine took the unusual step this week of publishing an editorial and a preliminary report on the findings of the study.

The journal's editor, Dr. Arnold Relman, wrote that

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lude next October, will involve 60 pati-

buildup of i i that makes a second use of the drug ineffective.

The trial marks the first time that Genentech, a small San Francisco-based com- pany, has come to Canada for clinical assessment, said Dr. Elliott Grossbard, associate director of clinical research, in a telephone interview from the company’s headquarters.

Jean Sattar, spokesman for the health protection branch, whose approval is required for all new drugs, said she did not know how long approval would take.

Better eat those vegies

VANCOUVER (CP) — Canadians who eat their veg- etables can stand the rigors of heavy drinking more than the malnourished and may get more protection from cancer, a researcher says.

“Believe it or not, people who belong to golf clubs tend to drink as much as the men in the detox centres, al- though they obviously don’t drink shaving lotion and

things like that,” says Paul Hornby of the B.C. Cancer Research Centre.

“However, when they (golf club members) go home, their wives feed them decent meals.”

The results are lower chromosome damage in the affluent class, despite similar use of toxic substances, says Hornby, who is involved in a research project testing beta carotene, a substance in cer- tain fresh vegetables, to see whether it can prevent can cer.

Researchers say screening tests over the last few years indicate beta-carotene, found in yellow and green vege- tables, has a role in protect- ing the body from cancer.

Hornby says beta-carotene apparently works by trap- ping harmful molecules be- fore they have a chance to induce chromosome damage.

Charlie Says

2 e

Get Your

ot COHOE

INSURANCE eee St.,

MYTHS ABOUT NUTRITION STILL COMMON

By KIRK LaPOINTE The Canadian Press

Tt wasn't so long ago that the pre-game steak was considered a must, that athletes were advised to reach for salt tablets and to avoid the water fountain on a hot day and were convinced there was nothing better than a post-game beer.

Indeed, the myths persist and perhaps the most troubling one is that every year a handful of athletes die from dehydration or suffer permanent injury because they failed to drink enough before and during competition. More common, however, are the nutritional fallacies that continue to keep competitors from doing their best.

Everyone looks for that extra edge in performance — the kick at the end of a run, strength in the third set of tennis or fourth quarter of a basketball game, or just plain well-being when working around the house. But, while people spend countless hours and seek endless advice in training, few ever consult a nutritionist or even read a book on the subject.

CLARIFY LINK

Evidence has emerged in the last decade to clarify the relationship between food and athletic excellence. Some of it challenges fundamental medical theories of only a few years ago.

Among the new truths:

e A protein-rich diet actually impairs athletic performance because excess protein — more than 80 grams or about three ounces a day — builds fat, not muscle. Excessive protein also forces the liver and kidneys to work overtime to remove the protein's toxic elements from the body, more urine is formed to dispose of these toxins and dehydration and excessive mineral loss result.

e Carbohydrates such as bread, pasta and rice are crucial pre-game goods and essential to good training. They are the only food group that is burned cleanly in the body; that is, excessive amounts don’t require the liver and kidneys to clear out toxins. And they are the best source of glycogen, the muscle fuel that provides more and longer-lasting energy.

e Salt is what athletes need least, but get most. Sweat discharges far more water and minerals than salt. To restore the mineral balance in the body, watey is what's needed.

e Beer may be a soothing post-workout treat, but there are better sources of minerals without the dehydrating alcohol. Similarly, sports drinks may taste sweet and give a momentary lift, but they take far too long to be absorbed. If you tire of water, try diluted orange juice with a pinch of salt.

Pick up a nutrition textbook from the 1960s or early 1970s and you'll find experts were recommending a daily diet in which 45 per cent or more was protein — meat and many dairy products. They assumed the beneficial qualities of protein that make it essential for the body — muscle development and repair — would be augmented by a diet rich in it.

Carbohydrates were considered fattening and experts urged people not to select more than 25 or 30 per cent from this food group. Fats rounded out the rest of the diet.

This of protein, car and fat — roughly 45, 30 and 25 — applied for everyone in the so-called balanced diet. But some athletes, particularly those who played body-contact sports, were even urged to step up their protein consumption.

These days such thinking is being discarded. Many nutritionists have revised their recommendations of only a few years ago to give carbohydrates the leading role among food groups. The balanced diet is being rebalanced, even thrown off kilter.

Perhaps the most profound — and possibly most controversial — challenge to medical convention is the best-seller, Eat to Win. Author Dr. Robert Haas says it's time to forget the balanced diet. His carbo-rich diet has been praised by such people as tennis star Martina Navratilova and Sylviane and Patricia Puntous of Montreal, the champion triathletes.

In his book, Haas says his diet can increase energy levels by as much as 300 per cent and change blood chemistry in a way that will stop and even reverse some of the aging process. Through the consumption of such products as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and beta-carotene, Haas even says healing can quicken and certain forms of arthritis can be diminished or eliminated.

Women in

WASHINGTON (AP) — Women spend more time in bed than men, a survey of American sleeping habits

Nearly 74 per cent of women reported spending seven hours or more in bed daily, sleeping, reading or watching television, the survey found. About 70 per cent of men said they were in bed seven hours or more.

The survey was d by the Gallup Or; tion, which polled 1,053 adults. It was paid for by Arco Chemical Co., which produces chemicals used in the

of poly foam

The survey found 45.8.per cent of Americans spend

between seven and eight hours in bed daily. About 26.5

bed more

per cent said they were abed more than eight hours, 21.2 per cent spent five or six hoursin bed, 4.9 per cent less than five hours and the rest didn't know.

Of those aged 50 and over, 70.1 per cent, spent more than seven hours in bed each day. Seven hours or more was reported by 72.8 per cent of people aged 35 to 49; by 73.8 per cent of those in the 25-34 age group and by 73 per cent of folks aged 15 to 24.

More than eight hours in bed daily was reported by 35 per cent of the 15-24 age group, a total that dwindled to 27.5 per cent of those 25 to 34; to 24.4 per cent in the 35-49 group and 24.5 per cent for those over 50.

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Not all fitness leaders qualified

EDMONTON (CP) — A lot became so popular no one

of people teaching fitness don't have the proper back ground, says the co-ordinator of an Alberta fitness lead ership certification program.

The program certifying fitness leaders was intro duced because there has been a demand for qualified lead ers to deliver safe, beneficial fitness classes, said Deb Lar. sen Wright.

“Fitness and aerobic dance

could keep up with the de- mand for leaders,” she said. “If someone looked good and moved well they would be- come a fitness leader.”

It resulted in injuries and complaints, she said.

The Alberta program, which follows nationally es. tablished guidelines, is vol- untary and leaders will still be able to teach without be- ing certified, Wright said.

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