. oe uo __ Castlegar News _ \orch3. 985

SPIRIT OF CO-OPERATION

True test on Monday

By PAUL LOONG

VICTORIA (CP) — The “Spirit of Co-operation” is being chanted like a prayer, but no one yet knows if it will tame the traditional rowdiness of the British Columbia legislature.

The real test, some members believe, will come in the new session starting Monday.

Opposition Leader Bob Skelly was first to preach co-operation last fall’ After initial skepticism, Premier Bill Bennett also started talking about it.

Both leaders obviously grasped public disenchantment with house proceedings — often marked by wild rhetoric and name-calling. They see the need to improve the image and respectability of the :

‘The 10-day sitting in mid-February started off amicably. Bennett welcomed two newly-elected members of Skelly's New Democratic Party and said he looked forward to their contribution “in this new era 6f co-operation.”

One of the newcomers won a byelection seat held by Bennett's Social Credit party.

During the session, the two. parties maintained a semblance of order in daily business so that members knew — most of the time — what to expect.They knew when the day's sitting would end and what bills were likely to be debated.

Some co-operation also was evident on a personal level. Education Minister Jack Heinrich planned to start debate on school legislation one afternoon but Mark Rose, the NDP education critie, had a previous engagement. The two talked about it in the corridor and the bill was not debated until the next day.

“The spirit of co-operation really works,” Heinrich said later, a comment that’s been echoed by other cabinet ministers.

But the Opposition is not so sure.

Rose praised Heinrich for being courteous and accom- modating, but added: “He's usually pretty good about that, eve before all this co-operation stuffs even started.”

However, Rose said the mood of the session was “much better than it was before, although we haven't entered the real controversial stuff yet.”

BILL BENNETT +. new image

BOB SKELLY +++ Net submission

Hanson denounced the bill, and when government members laughed, he said: “They laugh and grunt away there. Morons!”

Heinrich said later he was stung by the attack.

TAUNT EACH OTHER

Still, there were fewer such instances than in recent years, when the two sides constantly taunted-each other with such remarks, as “fascists,” “dictators,” and “pinkos.”

But for Graham Lea, the lone member of the newly-formed United Party, nothing has changed. He said the legislature has gone 10 days without a big uproar before, and the relative calm of the last session means nothing.

Lea said the real test will come during debate on the coming budget and spending estimates, when there're usually plenty of heated exchanges.

He also said Skelly is caught in a bind because NDP talk about co-operation has given the public the idea that there would be no debate. On the other hand, the NDP risks being seen as ‘ing the spirit of every time it opposes a government bill.

Even so, there were some sharp exchanges.

Provincial Secretary Jim Chabot attacked the Opposi- tion during debate, saying, “I've never witnessed so much indulging in cheap polities as I've heard across the floor in the five hours we've been debating this bill.”

The NDP’s Gary Lauk rebutted interjections from Garde Gardom with sarcasm: “No, you don't understand the

issue and that's why you're still i

Skelly submission,” he said.

disagreed. “Co-operation does not mean

Skelly said Bennett has embraced the rhetoric of co-operation, but the substance has yet to come. The NDP has decided “to reduce those kind of personal

attacks and mud-slinging in the legislature,” Skelly said. the

those

relations

minister. I'll speak slowly; follow my lips.” Gordon Hanson (NDP-Victoria) unleashed a personal attack on Heinrich during debate on the education bill. “I don't know how that minister can sit in this House and funetion. He's never been particuarly strong. In fact,

he’s been very, very weak.”

TORONTO (CP) — The killed airline flight have improved in the

ted in a recent issue that a fatal accident could be ex- pected once in every 344,000 Canadian passenger plane flights. .

o

ranked only 11th among 18 countries surveyed in terms of fatal events per one million flights.

The magazine placed Can- ada eighth in what it des- cribed as a “subjective” rank- ing that includes factors such as traffic volume.

moved up to eighth place — perhaps as a result of the 1981 government safety in- quiry which was prompted

That was an imp from the odds of one in every 248,000 flights recorded from 1962 to 1972, However,

Canada still

Verigin to lobby at UN

By CasNews Staff

John J. Verigin Jr. of the Union of Spiritual Commun- ities of Christ will lobby at the United Nations for spon- sorhsip of the World Ref. erendum on Disarmament.

The announcement was made by James Stark, pres- idsent of Operation Disman tle in Ottawa.

“This effort is part of a campaign carried on by Oper. ation Dismantle’s Interna- tional Branch over the past several years,” the USCC said in a prepared release.

The release also announced that John J. Verigin Sr., honorary chairman of the USCC, has donated $10,000 to Operation Dismantle on behalf of the USCC to help offset the cost of the organ ization’s peace initiative.

ACTIVITY PROGRAM FOR 3-5 YEAR OLDS

Early Childhood Education dents will be offering on

activity program for 3 - 5 yeor

olds from March 25 to April 29

mM mornings

o.m. at the Selkirk College

Castlegar Campus. No charge.

Phone Madelyn Brown

m, Wed. Ss 8:30 to 12 noon. First come levt corve bane,

by (the 's) 1979 an- alysis,” the article said. “Can- ada is still below average when measured by number of crashes.”

The magazine defined a fa- tal event as an incident in- volving one or more deaths in aireraft with 30 or more seats. Deaths caused by tur- bulence or in hijacking were included.

The survey suggested that Australia was the safest country in which to book a flight, with only 0.3 fatal events per one million flights.

The Scandinavian count- ries were next at 0.4, fol- lowed by Japan at 0.6 and the U.S. at 1.1.

Canada averaged 2.9 fatal events per one million flights

fairly overnight.

Skelly said the B.C. house has historically been “a boisterous legislature; it’s not going to be changed

“It's just going to require the efforts of a lot of people in the legislature over a long term.”

Safety record below average

from 1973 to 1983. That was worse than the average of 1.8 but better than the previous 10-year period, when the figure was 4.0.

Of the 14 fatal events listed for Canada since 1973, six in- volved aging DC-3 aircraft.

Canada ranked well ahead of Egypt, which had 13.4 fatal events per million flights. Turkey at 17.3 and Colombia, which at 27.4 had the worst record of countries surveyed.

Ken Johnson, executive director of the Canadian Saf- ety Board, said he had or-

dered an analysis of the sur- vey.

“I have just received the magazine so I can't. really comment on the report,” Johnson said. “However, in a country like Canada, which is known for its bad weather and where there are a lot of very remote air strips, it is not surprising that some of our numbers are higher.

“There are a lot of old planes operating here too, and how can you compare a piston-driven plane like the DC-8 with a modern jet?”

Group becomes incorporated

By CasNews Staff

The Slocan Valley Resid- dents Alliance is no longer an anti-Slocan Valley Plan lobby group in name only.

The group recently became incorporated under the Soci- eties Act, according to a news release.

The move was “necessary to serve the membership ef- fectively” and the group will

“be firming up structure and policy prior to calling an annual general meeting.” The residents’ alliance says it views the Slocan Valley plan “as a regional-; bureaucratic effort to create more government, and a doc- ument which can only result in unjustified infringement on property rights and the local resource economy.”

Revenue Canada Taxation

Revenue Canada Impét

Income tax advice, publications, forms will be available from our special local tax information centre at

STUDIO 2

COMINCO ARENA

TRAIL

Statted by officers of the Department of National Revenue, this centre will be open Tuesday, March 5 through Thursday from 9

a.m. to 5 p.m.

Canada

‘It's fun’ says snow sculptor

WINNIPEG (CP) — Snow

winter many C:

like hell the way you do with other materials.”

Berard got his start at the |

annual ’ festival in

that hard to believe, but Real Berard says it is the perfect

been proving the truth of that statement with award- -winning snow sculptures for more than 20 years.

“It’s fun,” says Berard.

Visitors to winter carnivals in Quebec and Ottawa as well as Manitoba have had a chance to glimpse his work, which is a far ery from the kind of snow sculptures pro- duced by energetic college students or other less-tal- ented amateurs,

His Four Winds, for exam- ple, displayed at Ottawa's Winterlude festival, was a soaring six-metre tall ab- stract work he says he whipped up in less than 48 hours using his blueprints, a seale model and the help of some friends.

“Snow is so easy to work with,” says the slightly shy artist who lives in St. Boni- face, once a separate city but now a district of Winnipeg still dominated by its French- Canadian roots.

“You don’t have to fight

The Pas, Man., in the 1960s and since practic: taken his snow sculptures all over Canada and Europe. *

Three years ago he was part of a three-man team that won the national snow- sculpting contest at the Que- bee Winter Carnival. A year later they earned the runner- up spot at a similar contest in Italy.

The fact that his work will not last for an eternity, or even a year, is no problem for Berard.

“By the time spring comes, I'm damn glad to see the snow go anyhow,” he says.

But the arrival of warm weather a little earlier than expected can be a big prob- lem for the snow sculptor.

At the annual Festival du Voyageur held each Febru- ary in St. Boniface, warm weather has a habit of causing: problems for the snow and ice sculptures.

Berard says the term used to describe the soggy look sculpture takes on is “erying” and when the best snow isn’t used the salts and other im- purities also can give the work on a “skin problem.”

Slocan auxiliary to buy monitor

The South Slocan Chapter of the Kootenay Lake Dis-

reaction of the heart while a patient conducts his or her daily routine at home.

In January, members met at Mary Axworthy’s home where they assembled toy Easter bunnies and various other stuffed toys.

Order souvenir copies of the large, annual...

Send to friends, relatives and business contacts

Bobby Mackay, president of the auxiliary, presented a stuffed toy elephant to the first baby born in 1985 at the Nelson hospital.

Members are busy collect- ing recipes for a 1985 Christ- mas recipe book and have decided to reprint copies of two former recipe

The next meeting will be

held March 7 at the home of Bobby Mackay.

.’s Insulation Services CONTINUES

4 Hour Cash Card From Kootenay Savings cre union

INFORMATIONAL MEETING ON

Russian Immersion Schooling Will be held at the following locations Castlegar Primary — Tues., Mar.5—7p Ootischenia Elem. — Wed., Mar. 6 —7 Tarrys Elementary — Mon., Mar. 11 — 7 p.m Everyone is Welcome to Attend! PARENTS FOR RUSSIAN

ATARI REGENCY

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Regency makes you a straight forward business offer: We will build a new home for you AND MAKE ALL YOUR MORTGAGE PAYMENTS UNTIL 1986

Only 3 Homes in Castlegar

3 Bedroom Home including lot with many amenities, starting at $69,900

FOR INFORMATION CONTACT: Raymond Bartlett — 365-2111

MOUNTAINVIEW AGENCIES LTD.

676 - 10th St., Castlegar 345-2111

As a service to below. The Cast coupon to us.

number of copies for

fr

readers wishir

Once again, the Castlegar News is publishing its Progress Edition. To be published in mid March, our news ; people and putting this keepsake special edition together

To meet the projected demand for extro copies, the Castlegor News will publish o limited coders to send out fo friends, relatives and course, the special edition will be included os part of the regular paper to all subscribers.

to send extra copies to others r News will wrap, address and mail gift copies for you if you mail this your order now!

CASTLEGAR

CLIP AND MAIL THIS ORDER FORM TTI NEWS. NAME _ —_ — .

ng statt people are

business contocts. Of

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BIG WINNERS... Three photographs (beginning clockwise from right) show: Grand © aggregate winner Gary Ingham; t and ribbon winners (back row, from left) Leno Grifone, Roy Percival, Gary Gallo, Gerry Rodgers, Dick Dunlop and Dwayne D’Andrea, (front, from left) Ernie Geronazzo, Jamie Percival, Bernie Kosiancic, Gary Ingham and Larry ingham; and wil Association president Fred Wachek (right) presents Gary Maloney with framed photograph in recognition of Maloney’s $750 donation to the translocation of 20 Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep (see story).

INGHAM WINS WILDLIFE CLUB MAJOR AWARD

By CasNews Staff

Gary Ingham captured the grand aggregate trophy at the Castlegar and District Wildlife Association's 21st annual banquet. More than 200 attended the Feb. 23 dinner.

Ingham took first place in the typical mule deer gategory, which was also good enough to have him entered in the B.C. book.

Leno Grifone was second in the category.

Other winners included:

Black bear: first, Leno Grifone; second, Gary Gallo.

Moose: first, Larry Ingham; second, Roy Percival.

Elk: first, Dick Dunlop; second Leno Grifone.

Mule deer typical (junior): first, Jamie Percival.

Mule deer non-typical: first, Gary Gallo.

White tail typical: first, Bernie Kosiancic; second, Larry Ingham.

White tail typical (junior): first, Jamie Percival.

Mountain goat: first, Gerry Rodgers; second, Gary Gallo.

Dolly Varden: Ernie Geronazzo — 18.5 pounds.

Rainbow trout: Dwayne D'Andrea — 3.43 pounds.

Geronazzo also won the Lampart trophy for the largest Dolly Varden caught on the Arrow Lakes and he received a $50 certificate from Scottie’s Marina for the largest fish caught on the Arrow Lakes.

Fred Wachek won the “bullseye” award.

In other wildlife news, a herd of Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep was recently moved from the East Kootenay to an area near Tulip Creek on the Lower Arrow Lake.

Guy Woods, Ministry of Environment wildlife bioiogist for the West Kootenay, says 20 sheep were

moved to the area about six kilometres north of Syringa Creek Provincial Park.

He said the primary reason for the transfer to Tulip Creek was “to establish them in an area which we feel will do well.”

Tulip Creek area was determined as “one of the few areas where the type of typography and vegetation was thought suitable for them,” Woods said.

“The Lower Arrow Lakes is one of the driest parts of the West Kootenay most suitable for them,” he added.

Since the transfer, local wildlife associations have been monitoring the sheep and putting food out for them until the sheep adapt to the new surroundings.

Woods said the sheep seem to have moved uphill from where they were translocated over two weeks ago.

He added that are not being d look for the sheep at this time.

“The more bothered they are, the higher they will move,” Woods said. “They are nervous enough, they are not going to Come” out of the tliffs:”

The sheep were transferred from an area north of Canal Flats on the east side of Columbia Lake.

Herds of these sheep having been dying off in the East Kootenay.

Woods said that although the exact cause of the deaths is not known, the problem is believed to be partly stress-related, and caused by lung worm.

In addition Woods said, “Competing heavily with deer and elk hasn't helped their condition in terms of stress and interaction with other species.

“With that many animals there is quite a bit of stress,” he said. “Hopefully, we won't have die-offs in population (in the West Kootenay).”

Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep number about 1,465 in the East Kootenay. Woods said that not counting the new herd, Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep number “not more than half a dozen” in the West Kootenay.

Before the new herd was set free at Tulip Creek they were all ear-tagged, and three were fitted with radio collars, which will enable wildlife officials to monitor them.

All about

“History is the witness that testifies to the passing of time; it Mluminates reality; vitalixes memory; provides guidance in daily life and brings tidings of antiquity — Cleero (Roman scholar and orator 106-43 B.C.)

._ 6 *

A little over 30 years ago 1 went with Mr. Zuckerberg to visit artist and sculptor Bill Koochin at the old Brilliant village, preparatory to an art exhibition. In the course of our stay there some of the old people told me that prior to the First World War, bands of native people used to come to the area for cleansing rituals. They would dig a trench in the still snow-covered ground, fill it with water, cover it over to form a small room then, using hot rocks make it into a steam bath. Then after getting thoroughly cleansed they would dive into the freezing Kootenay River

Very few people today will be able to recall actually seeing these earliest inhabitants of this and adjacent areas (I would be delighted to hear from anyone who did) and the only record of their having been here is the evidence of their scattered graves, their artifacts, kitchen middens, rock wall paintings and the remains of their winter pit houses.

Unfortunately, unlike castles, cathedrals and Roman roads which are relatively visible and which act as entry ports to earlier cultures in other lands, most of the things left by our own native peoples are all but invisible to the untrained eye. Thus, most of us are completly unaware of the earlier history of our area even when it lies at our feet — the most obvious examples being the Indian winter pit houses or kekuli

Happily, the establishment of Zuckerberg Island as a community people-place and soul-restorative, has also

widened public realization of its importance as a biology education site, a unique architectural study, but a potential doorway to a better understanding of our early cultural

history The remains of the Indian pit-house (or kekuli) — of

which there are a number on the island — give us the best doorway to the prehistory of this and adjacent areas in thé East and West Kootenay valleys.

In themselves, these pits bear as little resemblence to the original dwellings as the exeavation for a modern house

a ‘kekuli’

bears to the finished building. Fortunately for community and historical awareness, the Anthropology 210 class at Selkirk College under the direction of Dr. Mark Mealing undertook the Kekuli House Project.

It began in the early fall with a field trip to the island led by George Apel. The class then discussed the construction of a kekuli house as both a class project and a public service.

Since regulations regarding heritage sites are very strict, it was decided that a house could be erected near, but clear of the nearby known archeological sites at a point easily accessible to the public. It would be constructed to a compromise between the exhibition of aboriginal technology and reasonable durability under public use. The suggestion met with the approval of the Heritage Advisory Committee and work was begun in October.

However, design of these early houses varied considerably in detail both in this area and across the province. Mealing writes in his project 2

A number of pit house forms are known. The type is associated with the South Thompson River district, and the standard plan shows no inner shelf; it is sheeted with poles, over which dirt is thrown and packed, a method no doubt ideal for the relatively dry South Cariboo. The inner shelf, or sleeping bench, appears to be found in both Kootenay and Lower Fraser Valley examples, inconsistently.

Roof structures may vary a good deal in these areas, and include examples with no vertical pole sheeting, only coniferous branches and earth packing being used. Historic examples vary in diameter between six and 12 metres, with smaller types used for storage rather than habitation. Roof pitches may vary between 30 and 50 degrees.

PROJECT DESIGN

We followed traditional Great Basin Post and Cantile- vered Beam construction. Primary supports are fir log roof posts supporting primary roof beams. Secondary supports — stub rafters — run out as approximately 45-degree angles from primary roof beams, located as best accords to their respective diameters. These distribute the roof load and render the four-point structure more circular in form.

Rafters — horizontal stringers — tie the structure

together and distribute weight and loading stresses. A

John Charters .. .

Reflections

& recollections ~

~ 8 a

step-notched log set steeply in the floor serves as an entry ladder. Some vertical poles are laid over the rafters to further distribute loading, especially on the entry face.

Coniferous boughs will be overlapped on the frame's exterior. Earth will be thrown over these and packed to some degree. This finish will shed rain or snow and retain heat. A small hearth will be constructed in the house's centre.

The structure is set into a pit 1.6 metres deep by six metres in diameter. The pit is roughly circular and flat-bottomed, with a shelf cut into the steeply sloping sides for sleeping or storage above a possibly wet or cold floor.

This is followed by a list of materials used and then the phases of the operation.

PHASES

Site Selection: The site is close to the footbridge, so is i i visible; cultural dept are located a short distance from the site. We discovered that a travelling dog had deposited a suitable interim marker for the site's centre point.

the Pit: The whole class carried out this job, shovels and various picks, mattocks, etc Materials: The whole class travelled to a designated salvage site to cut logs. One person cut trees, one team limbed the logs, and the other team moved logs from the site to a suitable freight trailer Peeling and Preserving: Initially, everyone peeled logs till enough were available to support ongoing construction. the Pits: More than once we had to clear snow from the pit before work could continue. A layer of ice and snow developed between two layers of earth spoil on the rim; this may cause problems in the spring, when the rim may sink and slight renovations may have to be made. During this stage we adjusted wall pitch and diameter and installed a shelf .25 metres deep around twothird of the circumference.

usii

Beam Installation: We slotted the rim appropriately then installed the roof beams, which we spiked firmly to the roof posts once heights and lengths were properly adjusted: they rise at about 35-degree angles, and are supported by the roof posts about two-thirds of their length from the rim insertions.

Stub Rafters: Two stub rafters are nailed to each roof beam. They are also set in slots in the rim, and generally set in notches about one-third of the beam's length from the rim insertion.

Ladder: A log, exquisitely chain-notched to resemble rough hand-hewing, is spiked to one roof-beam and the ad ing rafter, and set about half a meter into the floor. This serves as an access stair.

Rafters: Rafters, decreasing in length as they ascend, are nailed between the roof beams and stub rafters.

Vertical Stringers: A number of light poles are laid over and under the rafters to distribute loading, especially on the entrance side.

Overall Problems: It snowed early and often. Cold weather froze the logs, making handling, peeling and preserving difficult. On the very cold days smaller poles split when they were pailed

The project team included Egies Bontempo, Ann Klughammer, Barry Mayes, Don Demeo, John Kilmartin, Lee Peterman, Mike Gaskell, John MacLeod, John Witmore and Dr. Mealing. Their efforts reflect the spirit of community co-operation and support at all levels which has been so much a part ofthe entire Zuckerberg Island Park project.

A second column on the Kekuli House project will follow in the spring when the operation is completed.

Next week we will have the long-promised report on the Castlegar Arts Council