a Castlégar News December 7, 1988

MEDICINE

er

MONTREAL (CP) Each AIDS-related death in Canada costs $1 million, researchers said at an

the disease.

Medical costs average $82,000 per AIDS patient, but other costs are often overlooked, said Rod Fraser of Queen's University.

Screening tests for the AIDS virus, counselling, education and research bring the figure up to $350,000, said Margaret Duckett of the McGill University Centre for Medicine, Ethics and Law.

Add in indirect factors, such as the cost when society lose: ung, well-educated person, and the economy loses $1 million for each AIDS-related death, Fraser estimated

“Because it's a disease affecting males ages 25 to 40, there is an effect on the tax base of the community,” Duckett added in an interview

“And that doesn't include pain and suffering, the loss and grievance of family and friends, a whole. multitude of things.”

6,000 BY 1992

With 6,000 cases of AIDS expected in Canada by 1992, and no cure expected for at least 10 years, Duckett said governments should be concentrating on prevention.

In Canada, 2,118 cases have been reported, with 1,162 deaths.

“If we want to limit costs for the future we need to stop transmission now,” Duckett said

Dr. Anne Johnson, a British AIDS expert, said Britain has allocated the equivalent of $112 million 0.4 per cent of its total health budget to AIDS this year.

Johnson and France's Dr. Gabriel Bez said it is

Each AIDS death | costs $1 million

of differences in health systems and cultures. Dr. Giuseppe Marasca said Italy differs from

international conference on the economic impact of * other industrialized countries in that two-thirds of its

AIDS cases are intravenous drug users, on average 10 years younger than predominantly homosexual victims in the U.S. and Britain.

AZT HELPS

AZT, an experimental drug that slows the diseases, reduces the cost of care because patients appear to need fewer hospital stays, said Dr. Bruce Whyte of Australia.

World Health Organization figures indicate there have been 129,000 cases of AIDS reported worldwide, said Dr. James Chin of the UN organization's AIDS program.

But he cautioned that in many parts of the world AIDS is “grossly underreported.” Chin estimates there have really been 350,000 cases, and says that in some African cities 10 per cent of the people have been exposed to AIDS.

Experts at the conference confirmed that AIDS is moving into the heterosexual population and affecting more women and children, especially in the Caribbean and Africa

“People don’t always realize that the largest group affected in the world are heterosexual women,” said Duckett. In the U.S., women now constitute 10 per cent of AIDS she said.

However, AIDS victims in developed countries remain mainly male homosexuals. Most western heterosexuals with AIDS are intravenous drug users or their sexual partners.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome attacks the body's immune system, making it unable to fight infections and cancer. It is spread through bodily

difficult to compare costs between countries because

QUITTING SMOKING

fluids like semen and blood

‘Never too old’

BOSTON (AP) — You're never too old to quit smoking, say researchers who found that even people in their 70s significantly reduce the risk of heart attack and death when they kick the habit

Their study disputes the notion that old people have already suffered too much damage from smoking to benefit from quitting

They found that over six years, the death rate of older folks who con tinued to smoke was 70 per cent higher than that of people who had recently quit

The study was based on people who already had clogged heart ar teries, a condition that affects an estimated 3.9 million Americans over age 54. Other research is under way to see if older people with healthy hearts also live longer if they stop smoking

“The message is that it's never too late to quit,” said Bonnie Hermanson “Older people with heart disease have just as much benefit from quitting as younger people do.”

The study, conducted by Herman son and colleagues from the Uni versity of Washington and the Mayo Clinic, was published in the New England Journal of Medicine. It was based on men and women over age 54 who took part in the Coronary Ar. tery Surgery Study, or CASS, a major review of coronary bypass surgery

SMOKING KILLS Cigarette smoking is considered to be the chief avoidable cause of death in the United States. The Centres for Disease Control said smoking was responsible for 320,515 deaths in 1984. About one-third of them were

Study looks at sex and working

SASKATOON (CP) — Husbands of working women are less likely to fail in the bedroom than men who are the sole family breadwinners, says a husband-and-wife team of sex coun sellors

That doesn’t mean the two-income couple is burning up the bed

Working women are less likely to be interested in sex than their stay-at-home counterparts, Carolyn and William Chernenkoff said at a Saskatoon conference on sexual problems

In fact, young working couples can go several years without sex, they said.

“We've seen some young couples in

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their early 20s or 30s who haven't had sex for two years,” said William, a doctor.

“They often describe themselves as roommates,” added Carolyn, a registered nurse

smoking-related fatal heart attacks, strokes and cardiac arrest.

The risk of lung cancer, another major hazard of smoking, also drops when people stop smoking, although the reduction is not as fast as the fall in heart attacks.

The latest study was based on a comparison of 807 people who had quit smoking within the previous year and 1,086 people who continued to smoke. During six years of follow-up, 210 of the quitters and 391 of the continuing smokers died.

Among the study's conclusions:

After the researchers adjusted their findings for severity of heart disease, those who continued to smoke had a 70 per cent higher risk of death

Thirty-eight per cent of the smokers died during the six-year period, compared with 28 per cent of the quitters

Among those over age 70, 50 per cent of the quitters died during the follow-up-compared with 68 per cent of the smokers

The benefits of quitting were similar for men and for women.

NEW YORK (REUTER) — Wear- ing proper glasses and a hat in bright sunlight can greatly reduce the risk of developing certain types of catar acts, which cause blindness in an estimated 17 million people annually, doctors report in the latest issue of the New England Journal of Medi cine.

“We conclude there is an associ. ation between ultraviolet B radiation and cataract formation, which sup- ports the need for ocular protection from ultraviolet B,” Dr. Hugh Taylor and colleagues at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health write in the Dec. 1 issue of the journal.

Ultraviolet B radiation is the type of light which causes sunburn, blistering and skin cancer.

It is strongest between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., the report noted, adding that reported reduc. tions in the Earth's protective ozone layer will increase exposure to ul traviolet light in the future.

The researchers based their con clusions on a study of 8385 men who worked on boats on Maryland's Chesapeake Bay.

Detailed information was taken from each subject on his medical and employment history from the age of 16, including exposure to light during work and leisure.

“For a given age, a doubling of cumulative ultraviolet B exposure was associated with a 1.6-fold in.

creased risk of cortical cataract,” the report said. “The risk of cortical cataracts increased markedly with increased annual average exposure.”

Cortical cataracts were defined as those which occur on the outer one-third of the eye's lens.

These were differentiated from those cataracts which form on the central portion of the lens, called nuclear cataracts, which did not seem to be affected by ultraviolet light.

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