SNe.
Castlegar News March 13, 1985

OTTAWA (CP) — At least three separate groups of
Armenian terrorists, pledging revenge for atrocities that
occurred more than 70 years ago, have claimed respon-
sibility for dozens of shootings and bombings around the
world in the last 12 years.

The Armenian Revolutionary Army, which stormed
the Turkish Embassy in Ottawa early Tuesday, is one of
the groups that has only come to prominence since 1983.

But two other violent terrorist groups, ‘the
Beirut-based Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation
of Armenia and the Justice Commandos of the Armenian
Geneocide, have also claimed responsibility for dozens of
bloody attacks.

‘The groups say they want revenge for mass killings
in Armenia at the turn of the century and recognition of
Armenian claims to lands that were taken by the Turks.
The historic Armenian homeland straddles the modern
borders of Turkey, Iran and the Soviet Union.

Authorities.cite a sy ic plan of extermi:
begun in 1894 by Ottoman Sultan Abd al'Hamid II, that
killed thousands ef Armenians over two decades.

Then, in 1915, Armenians were accused of in,
Russian invaders during the First World War and
thousands more were executed.

Various authorities have cited the number of victims
at anywhere from 300,000 to 1.5 million Armenians.

Tuesday's attack is the third in Ottawa since 1982
against Turkish dipl Cc ii Kani
Gungor was shot and gravely wounded in April 1982, in
August of that same year Col. Atilla Altikat, the
embassy’s military attache, was murdered by a gunman
who ambushed him in his car.

Responsibility for Gungor's wounding was later
claimed by the Armendian Secret Army for the
Liberation of Armenia.

Armenian terrorism

The Armenian Revolutionary Army, which identified
itself as the group responsible for Tuesday’s attack on the
embassy in Ottawa, is believed responsible for the deaths
of at least 10 people in attacks on Turkish nationals in
Europe since 1983.

Their goriest incident was a bombing at Lisbon in
July 1983, in which five terrorists and two others were
killed. A caller to a news agency said the raiders had
chosen death over surrender.

In Brussels earlier that same month, the Armenian
Revolutionary Army claimed responsibility for killing a
Turkish diplomat, who was shot to death just outside his
home in a fashionable district of the Belgium capital.

BOMB BLAST

In June 1984, one Turkish diplomat was killed and
five people were wounded in a car bomb blast in Vienna.
The Armenian Revolutionary Army claimed responsibil-
ity.

And last November, gunmen murdered a Turkish
diplomat as he slowed his car at a stoplight in Vienna. At
that time — the last known attack by the Armenian
Revolutionary Army before the embassy incident
Tuesday in Ottawa — the group pledged to continue its
attacks “against its oppressors. ‘

Attacks by the various Armenian groups have been
going on since 1973, when an Armenian immigrant shot
two Turkish consular officials in California.

By 1975, organized terrorist cells were in operation,
mostly in Europe. Most of the attacks have been against
diplomats, but a Turkish airline office in Rome was
attacked in 1980 resulting in the death of one person and
the wounding of seven others.

And later in 1980 two screaming, bomb-throwing
gunmen attacked Ankara’s Esenboga Airport, killing
nine people and wounding 70 others.

a Western Canadian Company
YOUR SATISFACTION
IS OUR MAIN CONCERN.

2 CONVENIENT LOCATIONS TO SERVE YOU
* Castleaicd Plaza * Downtown
Castleaird Plaza Store Open for Your Shopping Convenience
Until 9 p.m. Thursdays and Fridays.
Prices effective until Saturday, March 16, 1985.

Old South
* from concentrate

Blue Water
Boston Blue fish

‘ 1.99

chips

“New” 7509
me box
etn. ”

* fac it A was

_ WIN $1,000 .

BY USING YOUR

CASH CARD

From Kootenay Savings

Three people of Armenian extraction are currently
before the Canadian courts on charges arising from that
shooting, while charges against a fourth have been
dropped.

Viva * white
* champagne ¢ yellow

paper
towels 4 &
ploy »

\ nw
2 red ripe

tomatoes 89

ib. @

de

California grown

4
; red
dz. 3.99

Carnation
“bonus pok”

coffee
mate

550
pkg a heaes: jer

Turkish government officials estimate that more
than 60 people have been killed and 200 wounded in
armed attacks by Armenian terrorists around the world.

Purex * white
* champagne * yellow

YESTERDAY'S SHOOTING
Armenians face

OTTAWA (CP) — Three men charged with first-degree
murder in Tuesday's hostage-taking at the Turkish Embassy
that left a security guard dead and the ambassador wounded
made a brief appearance in a heavily guarded courtroom
today and were remanded in custody for one week.

A date for their preliminary hearing is expected to be

murder charges

The federal government said it will review security for
all embassies in Ottawa after gunmen armed with shotguns,
revolvers and explosives stormed the embassy early
Tuesday, killing the Pinkerton Canada Ltd. guard and
lowing open the front door of the Tudor-style building.

Claude Brunell, 31, the lone guard on duty, lay dead
set when they return to provineial court next Wednesday. beside a security hut in the front yard of the embassy

Ottawa police identified those charged late Tuesday as compound throughout the four-hour seige before his body
Kevork Arachelian, 35, of Lasalle, Que., Ohannes Noubarian, could be recovered safely.

30, of Montreal and Raffi Panof Titizian, 27, of Scarborough, Ambassador Coskun Kirca, who leapt from a bedroom
Ont. window to escape capture, also lay on the grounds in heavy

First-degree murder involves planning and deliberation rain during the ordeal, suffering from a broken right arm
in most cases, and leg and fractured pelvis, although an Ottawa police

CBC Radio News said two of the men were from Syria officer was able to drag him out of the terrorists’ line of fire.
and one from Lebanon but police would not confirm their HOLDS INFORMATION
nationalities. The Turkish Embassy ‘has requested that no

California grown
snack size

navel
oranges

48's count
family pack.

salad size
kg 1.96

A rental contract for a truck rented in Montreal on information on the ambassador's condition be released by
Monday carried the name Titizian.

Ottawa General Hospital.

HOMEGOODS
FURNITURE WAREHOUSE

and

FLOOR COVERING CENTRE

is pleased to announce a

NEW SERVICE

to all their valuable customers in the
KOOTENAY-BOUNDARY COUNTRY

California grown
Canada

cauliflower
“jumbo”

G uzis

b. &

Bill will be serving your floor covering needs
directly in your home with the new . . .

MOBILE CARPET VAN
Match your decor and shop at home!

BILL JOHNSON

Aweon™~"esst

cut from Canada grade A beet

Government inspected
whole * Canada utility

fresh

frying
chicken

poultry

kg 2.18 ». @

kg 2.18 ». a

Call Bill at
HomeGoods
693-2227

cut from Canada grade A beet
center-cut

beef

shanks

kg 2.18

Government inspected pork
Gainers

picnic
shoulder yy
2.18 . ». &

Bill Johnson comes to HomeGoods with many years of experience in the
floor covering business and looks forward to serving you.

HOMEGOODS

FURNITURE WAREHOUSE

CHINA CREEK

B.C. politicians search for centre

By DAPHNE BRAHMAN ‘

VANCOUVER (CP) — The Search for the Centre is
not the title of a sci-fi movie or the slogan for a
self-awareness group.

It's the preoccupation of British Columbia politicians.

The Liberals, the Progressive Conservatives and
two new parties — the United Party under Graham Lea
and a group that has already split with it — say they all
seek the political middle ground.

They see themselves as the alternative to the
confrontation between the socialist New Democratic
Party and the governing Social Credit Party, which has
cut government spending and heightened tensions
between labor and business.

Lea, the only member of the legislature not affiliated
with the 34 Socreds or the 22 New Democrats, Tory
president Bill Smith, Liberal leader Art Lee and Charles
Savedoffs unnamed party say they would end the
confrontation and get on with recovering from the
recession. They say British Columbians want a sensible,
pragmatic party of the middle.

They are not alone.

NDP Leader Bob Skelly is repackaging his party's
policies to make them more appealing to groups like small
business and is even stressing to Socreds the areas of
agreement between the two.

SEEKS CO-OPERATION

And Premier Bill Bennett went on television two
weeks ago to tell voters that the province's economic
renewal must be based on co-operation.

So who is everyone courting?

Political scientist Donald Blake, along with two other
University of British Columbia professors, has surveyed
the voting patterns and attitudes of voters. He says that
while the NDP and Social Credit Party appear to differ
widely in terms of philosophy it is the moderate voter
who elects the government.

“It's because the Social Credit and NDP have images
of being fairly extrme that people in the middle have to
engage in a certain amount of strategic thinking,” Blake
said in an interview.

“If they tended towards the left, and they indulged
themselves in voting for a centre party — whether a
revived Liberal Party or the new United Party or United
Party Two (Savedoff's group) — they run the risk of
giving the election over to the Social Credit.”

On the other side, said Blake, people who believe the
NDP government from 1972 to 1975 was a disaster vote
Socred even though those voters are not particularly
right wing.

ART LEE
... Seeks middle ground

Blake said the middle ground is difficult turf for a
new party to grow in unless it is so popular its success at
the polls is virtually assured.

Blake said the philosophical differences between the
two major parties have been exaggerated. Each has at
times supported policies of the other and the Socreds
took a long time to dismantle some of the NDP’s
innovations because they were popular.

Using data collected during the 1979 provincial and
federal elections, Blake said, “Those who vote NDP and
those who vote Social Credit are nearly identical . . . but
what you have in each party is a division between the
working-class supporters and the middle-class support-
ers.

In the last two provincial elections — 1979 and 1983
— little more than two percentage points divided the

BOB SKELLY
... repackaging policies

Socreds and NDP in popular support but Social Credit
had comfortable majorities.

Blake found the working-class support for the
Socreds comes more often from employees in resource
industries while middle-class support for the NDP comes
mainly from public sector workers and proféssionals
working in health, education and social work.

LINK CLEAR
“There is a clearer link between class and occupation
in British Columbia and party support than there is
anywhere else in Canada. No matter how you slice it, the
Social Credit gets approximately a third of the
blue-collar, working-class vote and the NDP gets
approximately a third of the upper-middle-class votes.
“In terms of income, approximately one-third in the

BILL BENNETT
. . . touts co-operation

bottom fifth voted Social Credit and approximately
one-third of the highest 20 per cent voted NDP.”

Small i however, overwhelmi favor
Social Credit eventhough, Blake said, their incomes may
be less than some of the higher paid blue-collar workers.

Although he agreed with leaders of the fringe parties
that the majority of voters are not as disparate in their
views as the two major parties are, Blake said a new
coalition of the centre is unlikely to be successful.

He said the coalitions presided over by former
premier W.A.C. Bennett and his son, Bill Bennett, were
successful because they depended on existing party
organizations to get started. W.A.C..Rennett piggy-back
ed his new party on the Alberta Socred infrastructure,
while Bill Bennett bolstered his father’s party by
recruiting Liberals and Conservatives.

50 and 11,400 over 65 had assets of more than $5 million.
4

HANDFUL OF
U.S. RICH OWN
$2.4 TRILLION

WASHINGTON (AP) — About 28 per cent of
personal wealth in the United States is held by 2.8 per
cent of the adult population — a concentration of money
that declined only slightly between 1976 and 1982, when
the number of millionaires more than doubled.

New statistics compiled by the Internal Revenue
Service estimate the richest in the country have a net
worth — assets minus debts — of more than $2.4 trillion.
‘The number of wealthy women is increasing much faster
than the number of rich men; the typical rich woman has
more than her male counterpart, and real estate is the
favorite asset of the rich, followed closely by corporate
stock.

The study found about 4.4 million people, referred to
as “top wealthholders,” had assets of more than $300,000
in 1982, and more than one-third of them lived in
California, Texas, Florida and New York. The number
with holdings exceeding $500,000 was slightly under two
million.

“The top wealthholder in 1982 was apt to be a male
under 50 years of age worth between $250,000 and
$500,000,” the IRS said in a report based on estate-tax
returns filed in 1983.

“More than one-half of his wealth was held as real
estate and corporate stock, with real estate surpassing
corporate stock as the most prominent asset in the top
wealthholder's portfoli

Real estate accounted for 31.5 per cent of the
holdings of rich men in 1982 and 30.6 per cent of women's
portfolios. Men were more likely to hold corporate stock
than women; women were partial to cash and bonds.
While life insurance accounted for 1.2 per cent of men’s
estates, it represented only 0.5 per cent of women's.

The report found the number of women holding
between $300,000 and $500,000 increased by 200 per cent
from 1976 to 1982 (compared with a 96-per-cent increase
for men) and the number of women worth more than
$500,000 climbed by 123 per cent. But because the
number of moderately rich women increased so sharply
during the period, the service said, the average net worth
of wealthy women dropped to $605,900, while the average
for rich men increased to $519,600.

All told, 39.3 per cent of top wealthholders in 1982
were women, up from 34.7 per cent the year before and
32.8 per cent in 1976

The service found little significance in the slight
decline since 1976 in the share of the country’s wealth
held by the relative handful of rich people. That
downward trend has been running since 1922, the report
said. And while the number of millionaires increased to
410,000 in 1982 from 180,000 in 1976, much of that change
was a result of inflation. It took $1 million in 1982 to buy
what could be had for only $639,700 in 1976.

‘The report estimated 10,100 people under the age of

JOHNSON SHOUTED AT PEARSON

Summits: a lively history

WASHINGTON (CP) — John Kennedy ridiculed John
Diefenbaker's tortured French; Lyndon Johnson engaged in
a one-sided shouting match with Lester Pearson, and Ronald
Reagan and Pierre Trudeau clashed over how best to cool
East-West tensions.

While relations between U.S. presidents and Canadian
prime ministers in the 118 years since Confederation have
hardly turned the world on its ear, they have not been void
of import, drama, humor and conflict.

Trudeau probably attracted more international interest
than any Canadian leader. His tendency to provoke such
leaders as Reagan and British Prime Minister Margaret
Thatcher with advice that “We should be busting our asses
for peace” made headlines, if not fast friendships at the top.

However, his antics as the bachelor prime minister,
followed by his marriage to flower child Margaret Sinclair
and the union's eventual disintegration stirred at least as

Johnson cornered Pearson...
and shouted accusingly:
‘You pissed on my rug.

much ¢uriosity, especially in the United States, as Trudeau's
efforts to promote world peace and closer ties between the
world’s rich and poor countries.

Indeed, the view from Washington after Trudeau
announced his retirement last year was that Canada would
become a more comfortable neighbor, but duller.

HIGH HOPES

President Reagan's third encounter Sunday and
Monday with Brian Mulroney, the second since Mulroney
became prime minister, is designed to highlight the
hoped-for comfort.

If that means duller, so be it, say American and
Canadian officials who describe the Reagan-Mulroney era as
an opportunity to put bilateral relations on a more even keel.

Mulroney whipped into Washington for a quick meeting
and lunch with the president just three weeks after the
Sept. 4 Canadian general election, and officials from both
sides pronounced that the “chemistry” was right between
the two men

Reagan's trip to Quebee City, the site of the first
meeting in Canada between a president and prime minister
49 years ago, marks the president's first foreign jaunt of his
second four-year term and the first time he has met
Mulroney on Canadian soil

Since Confederation, the parade of prime ministers to
the U.S. capital has outpaced by far the parade of presidents
north of the border.

For example, Trudeau made seven trips to Washington
during his 16-year tenure, compared with three return visits
from U.S. presidents. These included one from Richard
Nixon in 1972 and two from Reagan in 1981 — the second to
attend the economic summit meeting of the seven leaders of
the major industrial countries.

RONALD REAGAN
clashed with Trudeau

The Trudeau-Reagan relationship, occurring against the
backdrop of Canada’s contentious National Energy Program
and Trudeau's tendancy to lecture Reagan from up close and
afar on peace issues, was civil for the most part

However, mutual contempt might best define relations
between Diefenbaker and Kennedy

Kennedy lost points with the sensitive prime minister
when after hearing Diefenbaker's stumbling French during
a 1961 visit to Ottawa, he said jokingly that he was
encouraged to try to speak the language himself.

Adding insult to injury, Kennedy later made light of
Diefenbaker’s fishing prowess, an unforgiveable slight to
someone who fancied himself among the best of sport
fishermen.

The more serious tensions in the relationship, however,
resulted from U.S. ion over D s
wavering on whether Canada would accept nuclear
warheads for its weapons systems. The fallout over the issue
led Diefenbaker to lay much of the blame for his 1963
election defeat at the door of the Kennedy White House

CITED BOMBING

One of the nastiest encounters between a president and
prime minister occurred after Pearson condemned the heavy
U.S. bombing of North Vietnam during a speech at Temple
University in Philadelphia on April 2, 1965. The bombing

IAN MULRONE
‘duller’ relations

campaign, dubbed Operation Rolling Thunder, was ordered
by Johnson who claimed it would force the North-Viet
namese to the bargaining table.

Johnson, outraged that a foreign leader would criticize
his policies on his home turf, summoned Pearson to the
presidential retreat at Camp David, Md. Once alone, the
president cornered Pearson on the veranda and shouted
aceusingly: “You pissed on my rug.”

Quebec City promises to be subdued by comparison, as
was the first meeting there in July 1936 between Mackenzie
King and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, whose affection for
Canada dated back to his childhood days on the New
Brunswick island of Campobello.

The meeting demonstrated the fast-growing bond of
friendship between Roosevelt and King. But more
importantly, at least as far as the president's advisers were
concerned, it provided a wonderful injection of favorable
publicity in a U.S. election year.

Not surprisingly, U.S. presidents since then have
viewed trips to Canada as good public relations in advance of
U.S. elections. Johnson, for one, used a quick visit to Canada
in 1964 for Columbia River Treaty ceremonies to bolster his
image beside Republican rival Barry Goldwater. Nixon
chose 1972, again an election year, for his lone foray to
Ottawa