a2__CastlégarNews Moy 2. 195 WEATHER SYNOPSIS: A trough of low pressure through the interior will = skies cloudy and temperatures cool throu ada in 1926, settling in Salt- coats, Sask. She was predtceased by her husband Charles Salis. bury in 1966, and in 1968 married John Saunders. She is survived by her children, Joan Langemann of Lethbridge, Pauline Redden of Victoria, Norm Salisbury of Victoria, Raymond Salis- ser carves will remain seasonal will also occur, in the late bury of Slocan, Brian Salis- bury of Ottawa, and Charles =} e] Le =} [2 Salisbury of Castlegar; 16 grandchildren, and 14 great- grandchildren. IEE WATER SUPPLY continued from front page “As far as we are concerned, there isn't a problem with the Inonoaklin and there isn't a problem in our view with the ranching community in terms of water use,” he said. “There is a real problem in terms of their perception of what we as government are trying to do there. I think in part it’s a reaction to what is often called an imposition on the way of life there. “Even if we could solve all the technical details, I really wouldn't want to see us imposing a project which the community does not want. “Very likely the project won't be built,” He added that from a biological viewpoint, the Inonoaklin fish ladder “is the way to go,” but if the ministry is forced into not proceeding with the fish ladder from a During the question period, Scotty Tait of Scotty's Marina on the Lower Arrow Lake asked about the alterna- tives to the Inonoaklin ladder. Andrusak noted that what the ministry will look at is increasing the size of the hatchery at Hill Creek for dolly varden and rainbow. The ministry would have to look at some of the other systems for kokanee. Tait also pointed out that thousands of people have been complaining about the fishing problem for 20 years. “You mention 40 farmers,” he told Andrusak. “Thousands of people have got to have a say too.” Tait pointed to a petition circulating in favor of the ladder. He said close to 200 people have already signed the petition at his marina. Castlegar Mayor Audrey Moore said she was he said. pecitaiytsed FUN... oa Audrey Moore signs a $500 Castlegar to assist Castlegar cheque from the City boy scouts in their plan to attend a jamboree in Guelph, Ont. in July. CasNews Photo Scouts to canvass Castlegar Boy Scouts will be canvassing for pledges May 27 to June 7 for the Trees for Canada project. shares will be used to help with the registration fees, camping, with activities for the boys, ignated number of trees. Residents are asked to spon- assisting groups sor the participant at a certain amount for each tree. $500 was presented to ist Kinnaird Troop Scouter Marv Hart by Mayor Audrey Moore on behalf of the City of social point of view, the ministry has a number of alterna- tives in mind. But Andrusak stressed there shouldn't be any mistake about the importance of the Lower Arrow Lake. “When fish stocks are improved there would be quite a fishery right on your back d “bothered” by Andrusak’s comments that the ministry has alternatives to the fish ladder. She noted that the Narver report on fisheries presented to the Regional District of Central Kootenay in February, stated that not only did the Hill Creek hatchery need to be p.” he told the spectacular chamber. “I am fully confident that will occur and as a result of generating that kind of fishery or at least recreating that ic benefits there will be some but the fish ladder should be built as well to enhance fisheries in the Arrow Lakes. “It gives me a great anxiety when I hear you talking about Trees for Canada is a Can- ada-wide project that pro- vides training for Beavers, Cubs, Scouts, and Venturers in conservation and refores- tation. This is a major fund-raising event for scouting. The local and other things. The national share is dir- ected to the Canadian Scout Brotherhood Fund to help scouts in other countries to help themselves. Each boy or leader com- mits himself to plant a des- Following the tree planting on June 8, the sponsors will be contacted and the pledge collected. The local B.C. Forest Ser- vice is providing the trees and the planting site. Meanwhile, a cheque for Castlegar. The money will assist 10 Scouts and four Venturers to attend the Canadian Jam boree in Guelph, Ont. in July. Castlegar will have the largest contingent of boys per capita in B.C. to the community. “The capability of the Arrow system is very similar to Kootenay Lake,” he added. “We are already on with the job of improving the Arrow fisheries primarily at the Hill Creek” — a large spawning channel constructed as compensation for B.C. Hydro's Revelstoke dam. It is a spawning channel primarily for kokanee and targeted to produce 500,000 kokanee. In association with the spawning channel, there is a small hatchery producinjg rainbow trout and dolly varden. “A lot of those fish that are pi things because I think that commitment (to fisheries) was made andI think that’s the best thinking of your best mind in your ministry (to build a fish ladder),” she said. “I honestly feel there can be some result of compromise between the farming community in Inonoaklin and the fishway. I think it's very interesting to hear you say that we can’t disrupt their lives,” Moore said. “We are asking for a return of the past,” she said. “There are a fair number of people here. I can only hatchery are in fact inhabiting the Lower Arrow and are being caught by fishermen already,” Andrusak said. “Even thought there isn't any physical evidence of enhancement there is indeed already a program work being done, out of that our ministry to resolve the problems and build y the fishway,” she said. BUDGET- continued from front poge “It would sound as though if your're a working person with a regular job, an income of $30,000 a year working for Cominco or Celgar, you're going to have less of a deduction on each child “I agree with you,” Andrusak “1 and Hill Creek play an important part in fisheries on the Arrow Lakes. If I had my way that’s exactly what I would underway which is in fact helping in stock recovery in the do.” Lower Arrow. “I think that project itself will see some substantial improvement particular in rainbow fishery within a couple of years.” But he said he would be “really hesitant” to put a program in place were it not the wishes of the community. “If we don’t have the cooperation of the local people it can be a very unpleasant situation,” he said. Union talks continue West Kootenay Power and Light Co. and its two unions are meeting behind closed doors this weekend with private mediator Richard Longpre in a bid to reach a contract agreement. Contract talks between the company and the unions had hit a stumbling block over the company’s request for concessions. The company wants the Interna tional Brotherhood of Electrical Work. ers to work overtime at regular rates. It also wants sick leave benefit con- cessions from the Office and Technical Employees Union. The two unions represent about 280 Power spokesman Jack Fisher. weekend. employees. Longpre, whose proposed comprom ise package helped settle Cominco's contract with its two unions earlier this month, held his first meeting with the two sides Friday, said West Kootenay UNEMPLOYMENT . . . Former Area H regional director er cig Tego th ot be conference a unemployment or tion Centre, B.C. The unions have been without con. tracts since Jan. 31 and both have taken strike votes. The only strike action taken has been by two West Kootenay Power locations in the Okan labor, the B.C. and . Federation of Yukon Territory on. rol or and Construction Trades was Council, the Nelson, Trai and District Labor Council yred by the District and 7 e Counews Photo ”" he sai D'Arcy was critical of increased taxes on construction goods, pay TV, alcoholic beverages and tobacco, gaso- line and new taxes on candy, and soft drinks. “These kinds of taxes are going to hurt our tourist industry,” he sa: The tax increase on gas is somet! D'Arcy’s “fundamentally opposed t He said currently 60 cents per dollar spent on gas goes to provincial and federal taxes. Castlegar Chamber of Commerce president Paul Moroso said that while consumer goods will hurt tourism in the West Kootenay or the rest of B.C. “I don’t think so, that's just my own WILSON SAYS Budget tough, By CHISHOLM MacDONALD TORONTO (CP) — Finapce Minister _— Wilson agreed Saturday that new budget will mean some sac. iios for Canadians but said they will benefit from it in the long run. His efforts to reduce the national debt by $75 billion by 1990 will place a bigger burden on the government than on the taxpayer, he said. Only 20 per cent of the budgeted revenue will come from taxes and the remainder from spending cuts. Wilson took his defence of the budget to his home riding of Etobicoke Centre in west-end Toronto where he told a breakfast gathering of about 500 applauding guests they will have to face up to the reality of economics “No one in this room is spared from making these small sacrifices,” he said. “We're all part of the problem and we must be part of the solution.” He tried to spread the load of sacrifices evenly and fairly, he said Most wage earners have to spend an extra dollar a day in taxes while those earning $100,000 a year will be faced with an additional $4 a day and those over $200,000 a further $14 daily. reaction,” he said. “It doesn't sound like a heck of a lot.” But Moroso said he is disappointed with the federal government's failure to provide guidelines for fixed mort- gage rates on a long-term basis for small businesses and homeowners. “Tm talking 26 years for home owners, and about 15 years for business. Because a small business and homeowner — they can't plan every six months to face a bank or a credit union (to renew their mortgages).” Moroso said he favors long-term mortgage rates such as the ones set in the United States under the Federal Housing Act. “You could have a fixed rate for 35 years at 9% per cent,” said Moroso. “For some reason or another we're afraid to address that issue and address ourselves to interest rate con- trols . . . I don't have that much confidence in the economy until these things are addressed,” he said. Like D'Arcy, Moroso approved the $500 million exemption in capital gains Wilson denied criticism that he is obsessed with trimming the deficit at the expense of creating jobs, which the Progressive Conservatives advocated during their election campaign last year. First there must be a favorable economic climate for jobs to be engendered, he said. “If I thought it would help employ ment, I would increase the deficit. But that approach failed miserably in the past and it will fail in the future. Without control of the deficit, we can't produce jobs. “This budget is a break from the past. It creates a vision for the future.” Wilson told reporters it was unlikely his budget influenced Ontario New Democratic Party Leader Bob Rae to side with the provincial Liberals rather than Premier Frank Miller. But he said Liberal Leader David Peterson will have to face reality if he forms the Ontario government and tone down some promises he made during the recent election campaign. INSURANCE NEEDED Wilson said he had considered taking a harder line on unemployment insur. ance benefits but didn't want to move too quickly in that area. Unemploy taxes, saying it should boost the real estate industry, construction and the stock market in general. And Moroso said the budget's provision for withdrawal of Registered Home Ownership Plan funds without penalty may give the retail industry a “That's kind of interesting, because there's over $2 billion invested in these plans now.” Mayor Audrey Moore said the increase in personal income taxes means “most of us are going to have to pay more for the privilege of living in Canada,” but she liked budget plans to reduce the national defici “There comes a point in time when you've surrendered all the future you have and you mortgaged to the hilt,” Moore observed. “How are you going to create jobs then?” The mayor also supports the in. crease on limits for Registered Retire ment Savings Plans and registered pension plans, which combined with inerease to as much as $9,500 next year. good ment insurance plays a major part in the economy of some parts of Canada, particularly in eastern Quebec and the Atlantic region, and it would be insen stive for the government to impose tighter controls in those places, he said Meantime, he said, Employment Minister Flora MacDonald is heading a study.to see what changes might be made in the unemployment insurance setup, as well as how to improve job opportunities. Other initiatives had also been con. sidered for the budget but discarded, he said. For example, tax breaks in mortgage interest payments were considered but it was decided to leave that issue “on the back burner.” Instead, lower interest rates and a healthy economy would do as much or more to stimulate the housing market, he sai Asked why he didn’t impose a flat tax rate — say, 15, or 20 per cent — on all Canadians and corporations, Wilson said he didn’t think the country was ready for that measure yet. Most people still seem to favor the progressive system of taxation, he said, but a flat percentage rate may be the answer some years ahead BRIEFLY REFUGEES VANCOUVER (CP) — Six Afghan Moslem refugees seeking asylum in Canada arrived at Van- couver airport Saturday morning from Tokyo. Canadian immigration officials were refused all comment on the refugees who earlier this month staged a hunger strike in’Tokyo airport in a bid to reach Canada. The six are expected to continue on to Toronto where they have friends and relatives. PREMIER IN FRANCE ROUEN, FRANCE (AFP) — Quebec Premier Rene Levesque returned to his ancestral roots on as of fi ing children welcomed him to Normandy, in northwestern France. Accompanied by his wife Corinne Cote-Levesque and French Premier Laurent Fabius, the 62-year-old premier said his family originally hailed from nearby Saint-Suplice. Many old Quebec families trace their ancestry back to French colonial migration from Normandy in the 17th century. SUNDAY SHOPPING BISMARCK, N.D. (AP) — A group of church ministers, worried about preserving North Dakota's quality of life, has urged parishioners to stay away from local supermarkets on Sundays. The ministers are unhappy that some supermar- kets in Mandan and Bismarck have been open on Sundays since May 5, taking advantage of recent revisions of the state law on Sunday closing. Rev. Harley Holden of the Bismarck-Mandan Evangelical Ministers Fellowship said, “What we are trying to avoid is a wholesale opening of Sunday businesses. We do not want to see a wide-open shopping market.” NEW CARDINALS VATICAN CITY (REUTERS- CP) — Pope John Canadians and two Americans, on Saturday and urged them during a colorful outdoor ceremony to be strong in a world where the Roman Catholic Church is still being persecuted. The cardinals, wearing the bright red cassocks of their new rank, were elevated during a prayer service attended by thousands under bright sunshine in St. Peter's Square. The new cardinals include Louis-Albert Vachon, archbishop of Quebec; Edouard Gagnon, Gaspe-born president of the Pontifical Commission for the Family; John OConnor, archbishop of New York, and Bernard Law, archbishop of Boston. Before the elevation of Vachon and Gagnon, there were four Canadian cardinals — Paul-Emile Leger of Montreal, Maurice Roy of Quebec City, Emmett Carter of Toronto and George Flahiff of Winnipeg. All except Carter are retired BLACKS STABBED JOHANNESBURG (AP) — Moments after the end of a prayer service for peace among rival black South African anti-apartheid groups, youths in the crowd leaving the soccer stadium pulled three blacks from a truck and stabbed them. The attackers, said to be wearing T-shirts of the United Democratic Front, then kidnapped Mbuzeli Dukumbana, regional leader of the Azanian People's Organization, or AZAP, witnesses said. Dukumbana later said the youths took him to a deserted area in a Port Elizabeth black township, put a gasoline-soaked tire around his neck and were about to set him alight when a car approached and they seattered. PCB UPDATE RED LAKE, ONT. (CP) — Seven weeks after their PCB-splattered car was impounded, Lloyd and Laurie Eyjolfson have been given the go-ahead from their insurance company to buy a new one. The couple and their two sons were driving behind a flatbed trailer hauling a transformer leaking polychlorinated biphenyls on the Trans-Canada Highway in northwestern Ontario April 13. After they discovered their car had been coated with the contaminated oil, the Ontario Environment Ministry impounded the car and the family underwent a series of health tests that have all been negative. PCBs have been known to cause brain, nerve, liver and skin disorders in humans and are associated with cancer in !aboratory rats. PILOT STRIKE CHICAGO (AP) — United Airlines and its striking pilots, rejecting a final proposal by federal mediators, broke off negotiations Saturday without settling the nine-day walkout against the largest U.S. airline, United said. United spokesman Tom Germuska said the federally mediated talks broke down over terms of a back-to-work agreement after 23 straight hours of negotiations. The sticking point was the rights of pilots who had worked through the strike, said Germuska, who added no further negotiations were scheduled. Al Vazquez, a spokesman for the Air Line Pilots Association, confirmed the union and United had rejected the mediators’ proposed back-to-work agree. ment. Vazquez said he did not know the specific issues of contention. United service to Toronto, Calgary, Edmonton and Vancouver has been halted Fonyo's leg still sore but better CLOVERDALE (CP) — Steve Fonyo says the medi- cation to ease the pain in his swollen right leg is working and he will try running today. The 19-year-old Journey for Lives runner has been forced to walk for the past week because of his sore leg that his doctor said was caused by overuse as Fonyo pushed his pace to 32 kil- ometres a day through the mountains of British Colum- bia. But Fonyo said Saturday, “It feels pretty good today. My leg is still a bit sore. I'm going to try to do some running tomorrow. It's get- ting better slowly and I should be running tomor- row.” Despite having been slow- ed to a walk and forced to use the rear-view mirror of the motorhome as a crutch, Fonyo finished 32 kilometres Friday and was expected to complete at least as much Saturday after crossing the Port Mann bridge from Sur- rey into New Westminster. As Fonyo limped along the Trans-Canada highway Sat- urday, hundreds lined the freeway to catch a glimpse of the young man who has nearly completed his cross- Canada journey to raise money for cancer research. Traffie was backed up for more than four kilometres as drivers slowed their vehicles to look, while others stopped and ran across the highway to wish Fonyo well. Not everyone caught in the traffic jam is happy. One man was taking his son to a minor hockey tour. nament and the traffic build- up meant the team was going to have to get by without their starting goaltender. Also unhappy with the traffie was a woman riding in a taxi who watched helpless as the meter continued to click away. Fonyo said the end is drawing tantalizingly close with te Pacifie Ocean and Victoria less than 70 kil ometres away. “I'm really looking forward to getting into Victoria, get ting rolling. I can hardly wait . I'm really excited now. I can hardly wait. It's always on my mind now.” Arbitration hearings on By CasNews Staff Binding arbitration hear- ings between school boards and teachers from the Castle- gar, Nelson and Grand Forks are taking place this week- end at the Fireside Motor Inn. Talks between the Castle- gar board and district tea- chers broke off last week. The board had offered tea. chers a choice of a 1.5 per cent salary increase with no Andre increments over 12 months beginning in July, or just increments with no increase. The proposal stipulated no increases for the first six months of 1985. The teachers had counter. ed with a request for a 1.75 per cent increase for the whole 18-month period, plus increments. A decision from the three. pected within the week. comes to Castlegar By CasNews Staff Harvie Andre, federal min. ister of supply and services, will speak to the Castlegar Chamber of Commerce at a special meeting Tuesday. Andre will talk about the federal budget announced Thursday. The meeting will take place at 11:30 a.m. at the Sandman Inn. In other news, the cham ber is holding a town hall meeting at 7:30 p.m. June 17 at the Kinnaird Hall. The organization is hoping to in volve all three levels of gov ernment — municipal, pro- vincial and federal — at the public meeting. The chamber's next month ly meeting will be June 20 when Toastmaster Bill Strongman will talk about Expo 86 Police file An eight-year-old Castle. gar boy was treated for minor injuries Saturday morning after his bicycle col lided with an oncoming ve hicle. Richard DaCosta was travelling on 7th Ave. in the 600 block when his bicycle collided with a northbound vehicle driven by Francis Mealing, 46, of Robson. The boy was taken to Castlegar and District Hospital. “DaCosta was riding a bike on the sidewalk when he swerved off the sidewalk into the path of the oncoming vehicle,” said Const. Larry Osler of Castlegar RCMP. Osler said the cyclist was fortunate to escape serious injury. “It was lucky the driver was really with it and did everything he could to pre vent it, for sure,” he said. “The kids are encouraged to try to practice all the rules of the road and be watching out there, too,” said Osler Court news James Bonham was sen. tenced to three months pro- bation for possession of stolen property. ee Daniel Venasse was sen tenced to 12 months in jail and 24 months on probation after pleading guilty to driving with a blood alcohol content over .08 and breach of probation. Joy Ramsden Bridge Twelve pairs of duplicate bridge players competed at the May 20 meeting of the Joy Ramsden Bridge Club. The average was 67'/, with the following winners: Norm and Les Gallie with 82, George Reshaur and Joy Ramsden with 80. Louise Whitehead and Keith Gray with 76%, Jean Fischer and Agnes Charlton with 74, and Donna Wiwehar and Ian Glover with 72'/ GETTING IN SHAPE . . . Aerobic students at the Castlegar Community Complex peewe: for the Great Canadian Participation Challenge to be held Wednesday. Last year, 62 Canadian cities includi Castlegar participated in the under 10, (population) category. CosNews Photo by Chery! Colderbanh Castlegar to exercise By CasNews Staff Get ready Castlegar residents for the third Great Participaction Challenge. On Wednesday Castlegar hopes to go all out to prove how fit the community is by getting every resident to do 15 minutes of continuous exercise. The Great Canadian Participaction Challenge is a one-day mass participation event — an opportunity for communities to demonstrate publicly their support for a healthy, active lifestyle. All Castlegar residents have to do, is participate in any physical a ity that makes their heart beat faster — like walking, jogging, swimming or cycling for 15 continuous minutes. Scoring is based on the honor system. Residents or groups can simply register their participation with the Recreation Commission by phoning 365-3386. After the information is in, the percentage of people who participated in each community will be determined nationally and provincially in five categories based on the size of the community. The population ranges are 250,000 and above, 70,000 to 249,999, 30,000 to 69,999, 10,000 to 29,999 and fewer than 10,000. Castlegar falls into the last category. The challenge in that category is being organized by Nelson, host city. The Great Canadian Participaction challenge was organized in 1983 by the City of Saskatoon. More than 50 other ities accepted the ge and more than 650,000 people took part. One year later, more than 1.7 million people in 148 communities from coast to coast registered their participation In 1984, 62 communities in Canada participated in the under 10,000 category including Castlegar, which ranked 25th in Canada and eighth in B.C. Last year 3,289 persons in Castlegar took part, which represented 45.4 per cent of the population. Castlegar placed six per cent behind Nelson. To help Castlegar residents do their 15 minutes of continuous exercise, the Castlegar Recreation Depart ment has organized a number of events for Wednesday. © at 8:30 a.m. a morning walk will be held; beginning at the Community Complex e@ At 10 a.m a mass morning aerobics will be conducted at the complex e An Elderobics moonwalk begins at 10:30 a.m. at the Senior Citizens Centre e A free swim will take place between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. at the Bob Brandson pool. e An evening mass community aerobics class will be held at 7:30 p.m. at the complex. In addition to these activities, many other groups will be holding fitness activities. Recreation director Pat Metge says an aerobics class will be held at noon at B.C. Westar Timber operations. In addition, local schools will also be participating. Metge noted that last year some of the schools held mass aerobics classes where the Recreation Department supplied instructors. He noted that Woodland Park Elementary School held a garbage clean-up. And at the extended care unit at Castlegar and District Hospital, one woman who was over 100 years old also participated. Many others took part by doing activities like walking, swimming, running and cycling. But he said there were also many others in the community who didn't bother to phone in their participation. Metge said the phone lines at the complex will be open between 8:30 am. and 9:30 p.m. to take calls from participants. In order to get participaction fever rolling, the Recreation Department is hoping to have a couple of clowns downtown promoting the event. The Department is also planning to call up businesses with a large number of employees to see if they have done their 15 minutes of continuous exercise. Metge added that a 100 per cent participation rate would be great but he would be happy if more than 60 per cent of Castlegar residents took part. He said if last year’s participation rate would have been five per cent higher, Castlegar would have ranked in the top four communities under 10,000 in B.C. But he said that the 45.4 per cent in Castlegar last year was not high when considering the fact that most people here exercise on a daily basis. Canada’s fittest community last year in the under 10,000 category was Flin Flon, Man., with an 87.7 per cent participation rate. B.C.’s top community in this category was Kimberley with 60.8 per cent. Quesnel was No. 1 with 51.5 per cent. Metge noted that there are a lot of communities who were in the 45 to 50 per cent range. “If we could have got 50 per cent we would have been 14th in Canada,” he said. TO STAR WARS Russia will respond PARIS (AP) — The com mander-in-chief of the War saw Pact forces said in an in. terview published today that the Soviet Union will take measures to respond to any challenge posed by U.S President Ronald Reagan's plan for a space-based anti. missile defence. ‘The so-called strategic defence initiative, more pre. cisely the program of elab orating an anti-missile de fence system in space, today is increasing the temperature of the Warsaw Pact, which was May 15. “Washington is trying to reassure public opinion by using the term ‘defence,’ the newspaper quoted Kul ikov, who is also a Soviet first deputy defence minister, as saying But in reality, in creating, as foreseen, an impermeable anti-missile shield, and as a result, reducing to practically nothing the capacity of the strategic nuclear forces of the USSR to fulfil their fune safer way of dissuading nu clear attack than the threat of nuclear retaliation. The Kremlin has charged the plan would destrabilize super. power relations and violate the 1973 Anti-Ballistic Mis. sile Treaty. CITES FORCE BALANCE “As you know, we have sufficient resources — mat erial and intellectual — to as. sure our security and that of our allies,” Le Figaro quoted Kulikov as saying. “If the United States pursues the in the world, d the strategic situation,” Mar shal Viktor Kulikov was quoted as saying in an inter view published by the Paris newspaper Le Figaro. The paper said the inter view was given on the occa sion of the 30th anniversary tion of . the United States hopes to give itself the possibility of making a mas sive first strike, thanks to its nuclear missiles, without run ning the risk of reprisals.” The Reagan administration has said the socalled Star Wars defence plan would be a i of its space pro gram, which is a veritable challenge, we will have to take counter-measures to maintain our capacity at the necessary level to deal the aggressor an effective ripos te. Kulikov said there now is a balance of forces, both nu clear and conventional, be. tween the Soviet-led Warsaw Pack and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. “The attempts by the United States and NATO to disrupt the European nuclear balance to their advantage by installing Pershing 2 and long-range cruise (nuclear); missiles (in Western Europe) has failed,” the marshal said “Thanks to the counter Measures adopted by the Warsaw Pact, the nuclear balance has been re-estab lished, but, naturally, at a higher and more dangerous level for the people of Eur. ope. No West European country of NATO has gained in security, while the even tuality of a nuclear conflict has increased.