Identifying Global Primary Forests and Indigenous Communities At-Risk of Infringement by Fossil Fuel Extraction Introduction Around the globe, healthy forests are being imperiled by the extraction of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. For years, Indigenous Nations have fought to protect the lands upon which they still largely depend. Today there are many organizations and activists striving to prevent these ecological and human crises with the limited resources they have. This mapping project is intended to help prioritize where limited resources - primarily funding from foundations - might be effectively allocated in support of these fights. This study attempted to identify global primary (old growth) forests and Indigenous Tribes which are vulnerable to the damaging effects of fossil fuel extraction. This project also strived to define the amount of carbon that would be displaced with the removal of these forests. This poster outlines primary forests, indigenous territories, and areas of potential future fossil fuel extraction which render forests “at-risk”. British Columbia Affected Tribes Nisga'a Nation Tla'amin Nation Treaty 8 - Area Recognized by BC Treaty 8 - Disputed Area Count 3 1 1 1 Columbia Affected Tribes Count Alto Rio Negro 1 Rio Apaporis 1 Brazil Affected Tribes Count Affected Tribes Alto Rio Negro 3 MTdio Rio Negro I Alto Turiatu 1 MTdio Rio Negro II Andirß-Marau 1 Munduruku Apiakß do Pontal e Isolados 1 Nhamundß/Mapuera Apyterewa 1 Nukini Arara 1 Pacaas Novas Arariboia 1 Panarß ArawetT IgarapT Ipixuna 2 Parakanp Aripuanp 1 Parana do Boa Boa Ba· 2 Parque do Aripuanp Badjonkore 2 Parque do Tumucumaque Balaio 1 Raposa Serra do Sol Betania 1 Rio Apaporis Cachoeira Seca 1 Rio Biß Coata-Laranjal 1 Rio Branco CuT CuT/ Marabitanas 1 Rio GuaporT Diahui 1 Rio Mequens EnawenO-NawO 1 Rio Negro Ocaia Escondido 1 Rio Paru DEste Galibi 1 Rio TTa Guanabara 2 Sai-Cinza IgarapT Capana 1 Santa Inez IgarapT Lage 1 Sete de Setembro IgarapT Lourdes 1 Spo Leopoldo Ipixuna 1 Spo Marcos - RR Ituna/Itata (restritpo de uso) 1 Spo Pedro do Sepatini Jacamim 1 Sururuß Jacare·ba/Katauixi (restritpo uso) 1 Tenharim do IgarapT Preto Japuira 1 Tenharim Marmelos Juma 1 Tenharim Marmelos (Gleba B) Karara( 1 Tik·na de Feijoal Karipuna 1 Torß Karitiana 1 Trincheira Bacaja Kawahiva do Rio Pardo 1 Trombetas/Mapuera Kaxarari 1 Uata Kayabi 1 Uneiuxi Kayap= 3 Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau Koatinemo 3 Waimiri-Atroari Kurußya 1 Waippi Lago do Correio 1 WaiWßi Lago do Limpo 1 Xikrin do Rio Catete Lauro SodrT 2 Xipaya Massaco 2 Yanomami Menkragnoti 4 Zoe Total Tribes: 88 Methods Results and Discussion Limitations and Constraints 1. Data research, inquiry and download – added all layers to ArcMap 2. Projected coordinate systems into WGS 1984 (project tool) 3. Erased all overlapping layers (erase tool) 4. Combined all mining and indigenous layers into single layers (union tool) 5. Clipped new mining layer from forest layer (clip tool) 6. Created new area field and calculated geometry 7. Calculated statistics - totaled area of fossil fuel extraction areas within primary forests 8. Literature review and calculations – found approximate carbon stored and sequestered per-hectare for each ecozone 9. Multiplied approx. carbon stored/sequestered per-hectare by area of threatened forest for each region 10. Calculated statistics on all indigenous lands which overlap at-risk forest land – ran a summary on all names of tribes – created tables for each region • > 116 million hectares of primary forest land are at risk of fossil fuel mining expeditions • > 33 million hectares of these forests reside within identified indigenous lands, representing a total of 110 tribes • Total stored carbon within all identified threatened global forests is more than 27.2 billion metric tons • These forests will on average sequester 1.2 billion metric tons of CO2 per year Data Inquiry: • Mining and hydrocarbon reservoir data is often classified • Fossil fuel mining or mapping companies often do not release data free of charge • Global data for Indigenous territories is extremely limited Analysis: • Massive data files made for very slow geoprocessing Carbon storage and Sequestration Calculations: • The amount of carbon stored or sequestered is specific to individual trees being measured • Different sources reflect different data. Therefore, regional averages can be imprecise • The amount of hydrocarbons stored within reservoirs is important for the purposes of this study, but could not be done due to time constraints, data limitations and the expanse of identified risk areas Damages associated with the removal and burning of fossil fuels are vast, but manageable with more sustainable mechanisms of energy production. Region Ontario Affected Tribes OJIBWAY NATION OF SAUGEEN INDIAN RESERVE SANDY LAKE INDIAN RESERVE NO. 88 Count 1 1 Total area of at risk primary forest (ha) Carbon Stored as Biomass Average biomass carbon Total average biomass stored per Hectare carbon (Mtons) (Mtons/ha) Carbon Sequestered Annually Average CO2 sequestered Average total CO2 per hectare annually sequestered annually (Mtons/ha/yr) (Mtons/ha/yr) Brazil 47,238,297.23 213 10,061,757,309.83 13.61 642,808,700.31 Peru 305,803.25 213 65,136,091.40 13.61 4,161,305.52 Columbia 659,038.37 125 82,379,795.79 13.61 8,968,053.90 Congo 5,088,314.24 213 1,083,810,933.18 13.61 69,240,697.81 Democratic Republic of the Congo 16,714,003.60 213 3,560,082,765.88 13.61 227,440,605.58 Gabon 2,461,339.69 213 524,265,354.97 13.61 33,493,387.00 Cameroon 1,973,475.72 213 420,350,328.36 13.61 26,854,637.81 Mexico 1.28 100 128.39 13.61 17.47 British Columbia 10,449,108.86 810.5 8,469,002,733.23 4.00 41,796,435.45 Alberta 1,305,372.36 60 78,322,341.37 4.00 5,221,489.42 Saskatchewan 8,488,084.35 60 509,285,061.14 4.00 33,952,337.41 Manitoba 1,614,408.96 76 122,695,080.63 4.00 6,457,635.82 Ontario 1,940,891.38 76 147,507,744.53 2.39 4,635,172.09 Quebec 4,385,508.50 76 333,298,645.99 2.39 10,473,325.22 Newfoundland and Labrador 1,077,159.11 233 250,978,072.81 2.39 2,572,435.48 Northwest Territories 3,109,414.88 76 236,315,530.79 4.00 12,437,659.52 Yukon 12,619,040.81 99 1,249,285,040.43 4.00 50,476,163.25 Nunavut 276,091.73 99 27,333,081.03 4.00 1,104,366.91 Total 119,705,354.31 27,221,806,039.76 1,182,094,425.98 Northwest Territories Affected Tribes Count SAHTU LANDS 2 TLICHO LANDS 1 Count 4 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Data Sources • BC Oil and Gas Commission • Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal • Global Forest Watch • Government of Canada • Government of the Northwest Territories • Intact forests • Journal of Environmental Economics and Management • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) • Nature Journal • Northwest Territories Geological Survey • Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) • The Democratic Republic of Congo’s Cadastre Minier (CAMI) Yukon Territory Afected Tribes CARCROSS/TAGISH FIRST NATION CHAMPAGNE AND AISHIHIK FIRST NATIONS FIRST NATION OF NACHO NYAK DUN KLUANE FIRST NATION KWANLIN DUN FIRST NATION LITTLE SALMON/CARMACKS FIRST NATION SAHTU LANDS SELKIRK FIRST NATION TA'AN KWACH'AN COUNCIL TESLIN TLINGIT COUNCIL TETLIT GWICH'IN TRIBAL COUNCIL TR'OND-K HW-CH'IN Total Tribes: 12 Count 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Kayla Tillapaugh Selkirk College Integrated Environmental Planning IEP 271 – GIS Applications II Stand.Earth