Ny, ,
January 3), 1988 C ‘astlégar News AS

Selkirk cetoge and Purch Ma
Association of Can PMAC)

Offer a Professional Course in

January 31, 1988

Cas

Sy. Remember Book details

News

JABLISHED AUG. 7. 19%

Lv. CAMPBELL

NONICE OF COPYRIGHT F
‘belon le News Lid. provide

‘MAMMER OF THE B.C. PRESS COUNCK,

INCORPORATING THE MO: WEER MMMROR PUBLISHED SEPT 12.1970
PUBLISHER AUG. 7, 1947.FE8 15, 19/5
PusuishieR — Burt Compbeil

IDITOR — Ron Norman
PLANT FOREMAN. Peter Harvey
OFFICE MANAGER — Linda Kositsin
ADVERTISING MANA\
CIRCULATION MANAG!

pored trom repro proots. engravin

ER — Gary Fleming
— Heather Hadley

19h printed «

Supply and demand

It seems everyone agrees that
Celgar Pulp Co. should expand its
pulp mill to absorb some of the
surplus woodchip supply in the
Kootenays; everyone that is but
Celgar itself

Castlegar council was the latest
to throw its support behind a mill

\

+ agi 9 y
this week to immediately fire off a
letter to Premier Bill Vander Zalm
asking for some sort of economic
incentives for a pulp mill expan-
sion. Presumably, the incentives
would be through reduced stum-
page fees for the pulp logs from
Tree Farm Licence 23, given the
fact that on Wednesday the B.C.
government suspended all future
economic development grants un-
der its $1 billion five-year
agreement signed with Ottawa in
1984.

Council's move followed a
similar request by the Pulp, Paper
and Woodworkers of Canada
earlier this month. The union poin-
ted out that a mill expansion would
ensure both that pulp logs would
be harvested from the TFL, and
that the mill woodroom would con-
tinue to operate.

Even Celgar's forestry neighbor,
Westar Timber’s Southern Wood
Products, has suggested a pulp mill
expansion would solve the wood
chip oversupply problem. Bob Kor-
da, Southern Wood Product's
wooodlands manager, told council
this month that the best thing that
could happen in the Kootenays is
for the demand for chips to in-
crease.

And just how could we increase
demand? Mr. Korda said it is “ob-
vious”, and pointed to either a pulp
mill expansion or a new fibreboard
or waferboard mill. In fact, Mr.
Korda said if demand increased
sufficiently, independent chip yar-
ds would start up, chipping pulp
logs from the TFL.

It's not a pie-in-the-sxy idea
Wade Zammitt, manager of the
Southern Wood Products sawmill,
noted that Westar Timber’s chip-
ping plant in Hazelton takes logs
from three mills and sends the
chips to the pulp mill in Terrace.
However, he says the economics
are different there; demand far
outstrips supply.

But council, the union and Westar
are only repeating what an in-
dependent forestry report said
three years ago. The report,
prepared for the Central Kootenay
Manpower Adjustment Commit-
tee, suggested there is enough
wood supply in the area to support
an expansion to the Celgar mill
creating an additional 80 to 100
jobs plus a new waterboard or
fibreboard mill.

The only problem with all this is
that Celgar Pulp Co. says it is not

“Hear! Hear! find new ones! say!"

Letters to the Editor

gan at
least not in the near future. Ashok
Narang, senior group vice
president for Consolidated
Bathhurst and chairman of the
committee that oversees Celgar's
operations, made it quite plain
that the company is focusing on its
pollution upgrading program first.

Mr. Narang makes a good
arugment. The mill desperately
needs to address its pollution
problems and its $48-million
program is doing that — at least in
part.

The question that Mr. Narang
has apparently asked is: Can the
company undertake both the
pollution upgrading and a major
multi-million dollar expansion? His
answer — at least for the moment

is no

However, others might see it dif-
ferently. They might point out that
Celgar made a $48 million profit in
1987 — enough in one year to pay
for its 10-year pollution
Program. And they might note that
prospects for 1988 are even
brighter

Pulp prices have risen $45 a ton
ne since Jan. 1 and are likely to
rise two or three more times
before the year is out. But even at
that, the prices are still substan-
tially lower than those charged by
Scandanavian mills because of the
devalued American dollar

They might also ask if Celgar can
afford not to undertake an expan
sion. With a surplus wood supply
and booming pulp prices, this area
may attract other forestry firms in-
terested in building a new mill

And perhaps that is one avenue
Castlegar council and the
Castlegar and District Develop-
ment Board should explore fur-
ther.

Ron
Norman

If you've wondered why you
haven't heard more lately about
Premier Bill Vander Zalm’'s plans to
privatize the government liquor
stores, it’s for good reason. Word is
that the province has decided it isn’t
such a good idea after all — at least
until it cah work out a way to sell
the stores and still make as much
money from them as it does now.

Of course, the decision doesn't
come as any great revelation to
anyone who has leafed through the
Liquor Policy Review. That was the
written submission made by a
three-member task force chaired by
Social Credit MLA John Jansen.

Jansen’s all-Socred panel, which
included MLAs Jim Hewitt and
Larry Chalmers, held public hear.
ings around the province, including
one here in Castlegar. It then
produced 99 recommendations for
liquor policies in B.C.

The review is both thoughtful and
comprehensive. In his letter ac
companying the recommendations,
Jansen points out that the issues the
panel faced were “extremely com
plex

However, he said they believed
there were “four cornerstone

" that had to be kept in
economics, health, control
and access.

“The evidence presented at the
hearings convinced the panel that

shifting policy in favor of any one of
these issyes would create im-
balanced policy to the detriment of
those who are to be served by;the
policy — all British Columbian.”

The review goes on to taekle
things like privatization and
changes to the Liquor Distribution
Branch. On privatization, it says:
“The current system of liquor re-
tailing, with modification, should be
maintained We do not believe
that privatization is strongly sup-
ported by the majority of British
Columbians and we are concerned
that such a move would lead to
increased consumption and abuse.”

On the liquor stores themselves,
the review had this to say:
“Throughout the hearings we were
frequently told the Liquor Dis-
tribution Branch is a well managed,
efficient operation that is providing
excellent customer service and
product selection.”

The review has recommendations
on how to improve the liquor stores
and I'll get into them next week, but
for now the crucial point is what the
review concluded after hearing
from more than 400 groups and
businesses and receiving more than
1,000 letters and written briefs.

Contrast that with Vander Zalm's
headlong rush to sell the stores and
his apparent backtracking. I wonder
if the premier has read the review?

Closure spells end

RE: Closing of the woodroom at
the Celgar pulp mill.

As a long-time resident of the
Castlegar area, having worked at both
Celgar sawmill and pulp mill, and being
involved for a number of years in the
concept of integrated watershed man
agement, I am concerned over the
recent turn of events. It is unfortunate
that this closely integrated dual milling
complex — specifically designed (in the
1950s) to address Tree Farm Licence
23 has been split -into separate
ownerships, and that the pulp mill has
become disassociated from the timber
supply for which it was built. And now
the closure of the woodroom seems to
be the final paragraph spelling out the
end of this beneficial integrated forest
harvesting arrangement.

In addition to the employment
issue, one of the main problems is this:
Since there will no longer be large
scale log chipping facilities available
either at the Celgar mill or anywhere in
the Arrow Forest District, the in
evitable clearcutting in decadent
stands on TFL 23 and other logging
operations in the district will be carried
out for sawlogs only with the waste of
all remaining pulpable trees.

(The only practical method of har.
vesting in decadent timber is by clear.
cutting. For sawlog manufacture the
Forest Service requires only that all

4

Teacher
history
sought

I am a historian of education at
UBC trying to find out as much as
possible about teachers in 19th-century
British Columbia, that-isbefore 1901,
when the province opened its first
teachers’ training college

While I have been able to put
together a list of teachers’ names, it is
extremely difficult to determine who
teachers actually were — what were
their separate backgrounds, why each
decided to become a teacher, and how
they tived their tives and carried out
their responsibilities within local com
munities.

I would be very grateful to receive
any information. Letters, diaries, writ
ten recollections or other descriptions
of local schools ‘and teachers will all
help ta fill in the puzzle of 19th-century
teachers’ lives. I would particularly like
to hear from individuals who re.
member hearing about a family mem:
ber — a great aunt perhaps
worked as a teacher.

All assistance will be acknow
ledged in any publications that result
and I will reimburse costs for photo-
copying relevant materials. My
address is: Dr. Jean Barman, Dept. of
Social and Educational Studies, Uni
versity of British Columbia, Van-
couver, B.C. V6T 1Z5. Thank you in
advance for any help you can give me.

who once

Dr. Jean Barman

Please address all Letters to the
Editor to: The Castlegar News,
P.O. Box 3007, Castlegar, B.C. VIN
3H4, or deliver them to our office
at: 197 Columbia Avenue, Castle-
gor, B.C.

Letters must be signed ond inciude the
writer's full name and address. Only in very
exceptional cases will letters be published
oe the writer's nome Nevertheless.

name and address of the writ
disclosed to the editor ome ewe ee

The Castlegar News reserves the right to
edit letters tor brevity, clarity, legality ond
grammar.

——

trees containing at least 50 per cent
sound wound — or two-thirds sound
wood in the case of hemlock — be
utilized, and makes no requirement
regarding use of the remainder.)

With no woodroom available,
clearcuts on TFL 23 (and on other
Arrow District operations) will be left
with a considerable number of large
tree trunks (many with good pulpable
wood) strewn about the area. In
addition to the waste factor these
rotting trees contribute to other prob-
lems such as fire hazard, insect in
festation and difficult accessibility for
tree planting operations.

Longer term residents of the area
will remember that after obtaining
TFL 23 and buying out all sawmills
operating in the affected area, the
Celgar company seemed hesitant to
proceed with the new pulp mill/saw
mill complex as required in the TFL
agreement. It was at this time that
R.E. (Bob) Somers — during his short
term as minister of forests — decreed
that within a given time frame the
company was either to proceed with
mill construction or to forfeit the TFL.
The result was that the present mill
complex was designed and constructed
— seemingly the latest in the state of
the art (in the early 1960s) as an
efficient timber-processing plant.
(The science of in-depth environmental
consideration was yet to be born.)

Now it would seem that history is
repeating itself and that once again it is
incumbent upon the minister of forests
to act responsibly to ensure that TFL
23 continues to be managed as required
under the specified terms. Therefore,
in order to ensure ongoing utilization of
the pulpable timber from the inevitable
cleareutting on TFL 23 (and other
Arrow District operations) it would
seem highly desirable that major feas

ibility studies now be undertaken by
the Ministry of Forests with a view to
restoring log-chipping capability to the
Arrow Forest District — which con-
tains very considerable stands of over-
mature and partly decadent timber.
Two possible options (which would
have to meet all environmental guide-
lines) would be: the expansion of the
present pulp mill; or the building of a
separate small pulp mill by Westar
Timber to address the TFL.

Since the present owner of the
pulp mill does not have harvesting
rights to the TFL, this company is not
obliged to utilize the pulpwood com-
ponent from the TFL as in previous
years. Nor can one fault the company
for making use of the presently avail-
able good market for ready-made chips
from local sawmills — timber volume
which would otherwise be wasted, also
a beneficial arrangement for the
sawmills and trucking industry. How-
ever, this “magic” market could be
interrupted at any time, as in the event
of a long-term strike at the sawmills.
Surely, it would be wise to keep the
woodroom operational and to have a
guaranteed timber supply.

Regardless of what corporation
comes to own the Celgar pulp mill, the
citizens of the Arrow Forest District
cannot accept any shortchanging in the
management of the now unaffiliated
vast forest area known as Tree Farm
Licence 23. Sale of the pulp mill, its dis-
association from the TFL and the shut
down of its woodroom cannot be
accepted as reasons for opting out —
either by Westar the holder of the
TFL, or by the Ministry of Forests —
from effective, efficient and holistic
management of this extensive tree
farm licence on the Columbia River.

Harry F. Killough
Castlegar

Privatization will

hurt B.C.

As a concerned citizen I would like
to remind the people of Castlegar what
Premier Vander Zalm’s privatization of
B.C. will do.

Privatization will hurt the health,
safety and well-being of every family in

families

the program of privatization. They
have no mandate to cause more con-
frontation, to deprive the public of
badly-needed services, to trample over
the rights of workers or to cause more
unemploymént.

the province. Pri
means a decline in the quality of
services being provided and the elimi-
nation of many.

Privatization often means the sale
of public assests at fire-sale prices. This
means that private operators benefit at
the expense of the public purse.

Some public enterprises generate
revenue for government services.
Once they are privatized, this money
will be turned into profit and either our
taxes will have to go up or services will
have to be cut even more as a result.

Privatization almost always means
a drop in the level of wages and the loss
of jobs for working people. When this
happens, the whole community suffers
by a drop in ing and an

Privati must be understood
as a long-term government policy and
must be combatted forcefully and
immediately. The reality of privatiza-
tion is that whenever making a profit
conflicts with the public interest, it is
the public interest which suffers.

Brenda Binnie

Letter
‘mean’

The last sentence of Mrs. Sch-

increased toll on existing social ser-
vices.

Public, control over certain ele-
ments of our economy is essential for
the health of our communities. The
case for public ownership of many
services is strong. Indeed, in many
cases the way to cure our economic
ill-health would be to increase public
control and make it more effective.

An expansion of public enterprise
and improved social, educational and
health care services is not only
necessary but precondition to economic
growth.

Governments have no mandate for

wartzi "s letter concerning Mr.
Vanderpol (“It's doubtful if he (Van-
derpol) would be missed at R.D.C.K.
meetings or anywhere") is unwar-
ranted. Mr. Vanderpol has been an
active working member of the regional
board and has been recognized for his
work by being re-elected for many
years.

Mrs. Schwartzenhauer's parting
sentence is a mean statement that does
not help to better relationships.

Margaret and Colin Pryce
Costlegar

More letters AS

When?

40 YEARS AGO
From the Feb, 5, 1948

News
The Kiwanis club staged an out.
door carnival at the community hall
grounds rink on Friday night. High.
lights of the evening were broom ball
games with the Kiwanians defeating

the Legion Knights of Pythias.
8 «

The Castlegar unit of the St.
John's Ambulance association held its
first meeting of 1948 last week when it
was decided to commence first aid
classes Feb. 6th, in the Parish Hall.

. .

The regular weekly meeting of the
Castlegar Kiwanis Club was held
Tuesday evening in the Parish Hall.
Plans were discussed re the rink, and it
is hoped to raise money to improve
things next season.

. .

Last Thursday evening the mem
bers of the Castlegar Robson Legion
Branch 170 Women's Auxiliary met at
the home of their president Mrs. R.
Kerr, and were hostesses at a surprise
shower for their only un-married
member, Miss Ruth McDonald, bride-
elect for February. Miss Helen Kerr
dressed as a Valentine, presented the
gifts on a covered toy wagon.

25 YEARS AGO
From the Jan. 31, 1963
News

A two-year regional college has
been recommended for the Castlegar-
Kinnaird area by the president of the
University of British Columbia to serve
school districts from Trail to Nelson.

Dr. John B. Macdonald made the
recommendation in his report “Higher
Education in British Columbia and a
Plan for the Future” made public
Monday.

.

Good citizen of the year for
Castlegar and District for 1962 is Sam
Muirhead of Kinnaird. The award was
made Saturday evening at the annual
installation banquet for the Castlegar
Kiwanis Club.

* 28 «

The 1,200-mile long Columbia
River — known years ago as the “River
of Kings” and the “River of the West”
— had always been a “beckoning will-
of-the-whisp” thought to promise a
short route to China, the annual instal-
lation banquet of the Castlegar and
District Chamber of Commerce was
told last week.

.

Rock fiudaon and Kick Douglas
star in The Last Sunset playing at the
Castle Theatre.

15 YEARS AGO
From the Feb. 1, 1973
ar News

The West Kootenay District Reg.
istered Nurses have started a project,
the Nursing and Medical Archives of all
the West Kootenay district.

. .

The 1972 United Appeal was
termed “successful” but appears to
have not quite come up to expectations.
Goal set for the 1972 campaign was
$23,000, but the project total for the
years indicates this has fallen $750
short of that goal.

* * «

Students who came to Selkirk
College to pursue their academic or
vocational interests can now look
forward to the added satisfaction of
receiving a general studies diploma
once they have completed the equiva-
lent of two years or 60 semester hours
of college work.

* * 6

In March, the staff and students of
Twin Rivers elementary school will be
presenting the operetta, “Pinocchio.”
The operetta, under the producer, Mrs.
R. Faulkner, will involve almost all the
pupils in the school.

. 8 «

The Kinnaird Library Board re-
grets in its news release in last week's
issue of the (Castlegar News it did not
include the name of Mrs. Myrtle
Symons as a trustee of the Kinnaird
library board.

5 YEARS AGO
From the Jan. 30, 1983
News

A semi-trailer loaded with about
$44,000 worth of beer and bound for
Castlegar distributors overturned at
Columbia Avenue and the Highway 3
off-ramp tying up traffic for more than
two hours Thursday afternoon.

* © «

Fire gutted a south Castlegar
home Thursday night, causing exten.
sive damage to the interior, but leaving
the outside walls and roof standing. A
full damage report won't be available
until tomorrow (Monday).

There were no injuries.

. .

The West Kootenay Health Unit's
Medical Health Officer warned Friday
that parents of newborns should
ensure their children are immunized.

*_ 8 «

Castlegar teachers received their
4.5 per cent arbitrated increase on
their pay cheques this week. But they
might have to pay some of it back if the
Compensation Stabilization Board de.
cides the award is too high.

MORE LETTERS

Our ‘deadly mistake’

The hole in the ozone over Ant-
arctica has revealed CFC production
for what it always was: A deadly
mistake. A trigger has fired over Ant-
arctica causing rates of ozone depletion
never imaged before, A blow, 60 years
in the making, which will build up
power for a decade before fading out
over a: century is being delivered.
We're going to find out how inter-
connected the planetary ecosystem is.
Disaster may be waiting for us as we
continue to play with CFCs like will-
fully ignorant children.

The ozone hole is the first bruise.
Whatever actual amount of radiation
that gets through as this process ir-
reversibly proceeds may be enough to
fundamentally affect everything.
Nothing original may be left.

The risk of » unfor-

with the benefits of letting an out of
control multinational chemical industry
wring the last bit of profit out of
obsolete chemicals, perfected in 1928,
selling for $1 billion per year.
Industries using this stuff can use sub-
stitutes, Are we supposed to tell our
grandchildren that we couldn't stop
using the wrong thing to make ham.
burger containers?

Canada will have to stop using this
stuff. Du Pont used to advertise in
scientific journals that as soon as proof
arrived that CFCs would cause ozone
depletion, they would stop producing
them.

“Should the theory ever be proven
corfect after all the evidence is in, Du
Pont, as we have stated, will stop the
manufacture and sale of the offending

gettable, unforeseeable damage to the
entire biosphere must be compared

"They signed an historic document
admitting that CFCs cause ozone de-

pletion, in October 1987, when reality
couldn't be denied any longer. They
still refuse to stop production. Surely,
Canada has enough power left to force
them to retool for substitutes. Ten
dollars extra for a refrigerator is all we
are talking about. We can chemically
dismantle the existing stock of CFCs.
We can stop producing more. The stuff
we have let escape into the atfhosphere
is never coming back.

The world must stop using this
stuff. Canada could take the lead, be an
example, and perhaps make a future
possible for life on earth.

Very many people are going to be
unalterably opposed to a culture
risking all life for slightly cheaper
refrigeration and ridiculous consumer
products.

There will never be another earth.

David Lewis
Crescent Valley

Can reactor ever be safe?

N-reactor at Washington state's
Hanford Nuclear Reservation, less
than 200 miles south of the border and
shut down since January 1987, is due to
restart, possibly as early as March but
no later than June.

All that’s needed now is the U.S.
Department of Energy's safety certifi-
cation of its own facility, and its
promise to “fully implement” safety
improvements ‘recommended by a
panel of outside experts (Roddis Com-
mission) over a year ago and the
National Academy of Sciences last fall.

The agreement was made Dee. 15
by members of the U.S. Congress and

House of Representatives, working to-
gether on a 1988 defence authorization
bill, and is a compromise between
interests of the two legislative bodies.
If N-reactor isn’t restarted by June,
it won't get any money for operation
this year, and its local economy is of
course dependent on defence produc-
tion. On the other hand, who can claim
this 24-year-old nuclear reactor, with-
out a containment structure and
warped at the core, can ever really be
safe?

What the agreement does not do is
resolve an outstanding lawsuit by the
Natural Resources Defense Council,

which seeks completion of an Environ-
mental Impact Statement (EIS) before
the plant is turned on. This process
could take several years.

According to Jim Taft of the Han-
ford Education Action League (HEAL)
in Spokane, the NRDC is filing an in-
junction that will prevent N-reactor
from startup until the court case is
settled. He also indicated that the best
course now for the concerned Can-
adians is to financially support the
NRDC’s court case.

Sandra Hartline
Nelson

Parizeau likes free trade

By PENNY MacRAE
Canadian Press

QUEBEC — Jacques Parizeau, the probable next leader
of the Parti Quebecois, extols the virtues of free trade
between Canada and the United States, declaring it will
open the door to independence for Quebec.
including Premier Robert
Bourassa, accuse the former finance minister of inflating the
significance of the pact. And they reject his claim a
sovereign Quebec would readily be included jin, any Canada-

But Parizeau’s critics,

United States trade deal.

Parizeau, who sees independence not as an
“when,” has no time for the nay-sayers — including those
within his own party — as he campaigns to replace Pierre

Marc Johnson.

Johnson quit as PQ leader last fall because of infighting

over its sovereignty policy.

“We can tell Saskatchewan to go suck eggs if it says it
won't trade with a sovereign Quebec,”

glee.

Parizeau, a professor of public finance at the University
of Montreal's business school, has made free trade a key part

of his pitch for the leadership.

The only declared candidate, Parizeau wants the PQ to
make sovereignty the issue in the next election and tells
party members to ignore opinion polls that suggest such a

move could prove disastrous.

LOST REFERENDUM
The PQ lost the 1980 referendum on sovereignty-as
sociation — under which Quebec would have retained an
economic association with the rest of Canada, but been
politically independent — partly because other provinces

threatened a trade boycott, he says.

Parizeau argues with free trade, Quebec no longer
would by vulnerable to such “blackmail” because it would
have the. United States market to fall back on.

His black moustache lifting in a broad grin, his portly,
pinstriped figure exuding confidence, he jokes free trade will
give Quebec a means of “achieving association before sov-

ereignty.”

But Bourassa, a strong supporter of free trade, counters
the pact involves “only the minimal aspect”
“There are many other stages — common
market, customs union, monetary stages,” he says.

Bourassa adds Parizeau is wrong to assume an in-
dependent Quebec would automatically be included in the
accord which, he points out, makes no mention of admission

integration.

of a third country.

Some critics suggest an independent Quebec might end
up reliant on the goodwill of Ottawa and the other provinces.
“rational”
threaten to erect trade barriers against an independent
Quebec but it would be “unthinkable” for the United States
‘building a free-trade zone” in

Parizeau says it is only

to do the same. The U.S. is
North America, he says.

Parizeau says with

suggested a common market between an independent
Quebec and the United States, Washington reacted swiftly.

The U.S. said it would not be “appropriate for the
United States government to enter into special trading
relationships with provincial governments” because Ameri-
cans “care what happens in Canada (and) hope that Canada
will remain strong and united.”

Andre Raynauld, an economist at the University of
Montreal, says Parizeau “gives the impression free trade
with the United States would mean we no longer needed the

other provinces — but 60 per cent of Quebec's exports go to

but a

the other provinces.”
In such key sectors as agriculture, Quebec dairy and
poultry farmers need Canadian markets. Textile and apparel

manufacturers, also important Quebec industries, benefit

from tariff policies.

Citizens of an independent Quebec would also lose their

slump.

mobility — a disadvantage if the economies of provinces such
as Alberta and Ontario were booming and Quebec's was in a

Parizeau also faces critics within the PQ, whose
free-trade policy is in disarray.

When in power from 1976 to 1985, the PQ supported

free trade as a means of lessening Quebec's ties with the rest
of Canada. But now the party criticizes the Liberal
government for failing to win sufficient protection for the

province's industries.

Indpendence hardliner Jean Garon, who finished third

free-trade issue.

Garon says.

against Johnson in the 1985 leadership race and is toying
with another run at the job, opposes Parizeau on the

Free trade with a free-market giant like the United
States would threaten Quebec's social democratic system,

The European Community's 12 member-countries act as
a system of checks and balances, allowing each to pursue its
own policies, he says.

The difference in a North American free-trade zone,

Garon says, is there would be far fewer players.

hanging trials

By ROD CURRIE
Canadian Press

When Bobby Cook cruised
into Stettler, Alta., raising
dust in his new ‘69 Impala
convertible, he was soon
stopped by a town cop who
remarked: “Nice car, Bobby.
Where did you steal this
one?”

Bobby hadn't stolen it, but
the policeman told him he'd
better run around to the
ROMP station anyway. They
wanted to talk to him.

Bobby was held on sus
picion — the cops were
always suspicious about Bob-
by, a sort of charming rogue
with a winning smile and a
record of 19 convictions,
half for auto theft

While they were detain
ing him, police found the
bodies of Bobby's father and
stepmother and their five
kids.

That was it for Bobby.
Author Alan Hustak says the
police were so convinced
Bobby, 21, had committed
the murders they never
really pursued various other
leads or suspects.

REVIEWS CRIMES

Bobby Cook's story is one
of the most fascinating, and
troubling, in Hustak’s new
book They Were Hanged, a
reconstruction of the crimes
and trials of the last men
hanged in each province.

Young Cook had two trials
before he was hanged Nov.
15, 1960, but the id:

Another disturbing case
was that of Leo Mantha, a
tough, handsome sailor with
the merchant marine charged
with killing his homosexual
lover, a paymaster at HMCS
Naden in British Columbia.

DIDN'T HELP

A problem in the Mantha .
case, says Hustak, was that
the Defence Department was
so embarrassed that anyone

THE PRINCIPLES OF BUYING &
PURCHASING MANAGEMENT

inning Monday 1 from 7-10 p.m, at the Trail Cam:
This 60 hour, credit course will be of st to those
currently employed or anticipating employment in industrial
commercial

This course is transterable, to the PMAC Pro!
Cou duration is ft
1988. Course Fee: $450, For registration in

Developme:
Feb.! to Ju
formation contact

CASTLEGAR CAMPUS————
Box 1200, Castlegor, B.C. VIN 3J1
365-7292

org pe 9.

could breach the security of
the naval base to attack Bud
Jenkins, the victim, it was
unco-operative in the in-
vestigation.

In addition, Prime Minister
John Diefenbaker had al
ready communted the death
sentences of 21 convicted
killers in the 18 months he
had been in office and was
under fire from backbenchers
for his abolition-by-commut
ation policy. Thus Mantha's
request for mercy was re-
jected by cabinet and he died
April 27, 1959.

In writing this fascinating
book, Hustak went to news-
papers of the day and also

| Savery
Derosir
B

CASTLEGAR SAVINGS CREDIT UNION

For All Your Financial & Insurance Needs

CASTLEGAR
601-18th St., 365-7232
Insurance 365-3368

All Sizes
Available.

u

SLOCAN PARK
Hwy. 6, Slocan Park

126-721
Insurance 226-7216

had access to the case files in

the National Archives in Ot
tawa,

They Were Hanged, by
Alan Hustak. Published by

© CENTRAL FOODS
SPECIALS

James Lorimer; 158 pages;
$14.95.

a

PROCESSED

i CHEESE

KRAFT.
VELVETTA.
500 G.

against him was cireum-
stantial.

“I don’t know if he did it or

ot,” Hustak said in a Tor-

onto interview, “but in no
court of law was he proved to
have done it.”

In most of the 12 cases
covered in the book, the
principals were poor, un-
sophisticated people who had
scant legal counsel. The cases
include the last woman hang-
ed in Canada and the 1962
double hanging in Toronto —
the country's last execution.

TRIALS FAIR?

Hustak, a journalist work
ing in Regina and Calgary,
figures that if all had had fair
trials with sound legal repre-
sentation “about five or six”
of them probably would have
escaped the gallows for lack
of conclusive evidence.

In’ the case of Everett
Farmer, a Nova Scotia black
hanged in 1937, he had no
lawyer until one was ap-
pointed a week before his
two-day trial.

In the case of Fred Phillips
and Earl Lund in Prince
Edward Island, the judge not
only analysed the evidence
for the jury but he acted it
out, flitting about the court
room playing the roles of the
victim and the accused and
using such strange props as a
dummy blackjack and a
handkerchief. “I fear it would
strain your consciences to
find them not guilty,” he con-
cluded. The premier of the
province was the Crown
prosecutor.

of economic

Get Your Message
Across Fast!
Classified Ads
365-2212

for Canada to

saying it does not discuss Canadian internal politics. But in
1983, when then-PQ external trade minister Bernard Landry

Econo
Spots

You can save up
to 80% on the
cost of this ad!

365-5210

Contect INTERCHANGE et
420-5559 - Box 82008 N. Bu:
B.C. VEC 5P2.

ROTO-MATIC CONVECTION OVENS

GREASELESS/LOW CALORIE
fi ther
sched food products

* NO OIL/NO FAT means fg
need for ex
nor fire extinguisher Syatenis.

EASY INSTALLATION iv st
plug ROTO-MATIC in and
It's ready to produce any-
where, anytime.

* LOW MAINTENANCE no olf
to filter or replace nor filters

YY +0 clean. No danger of burns
from hot oll.

CASH

AGNEW SHOES

BIG K MUSIC

COLES BOOKS

JACK FRASER MEN'S
WEAR

SAUSAGE

mm

Lead PACK.

REITMAN’S
» RENDEVOUS

2 AUCTION BUCKS
for every buck
you spend at this week's
Double Buck Merchants

MILD CHEDDAR

CHEESE

MAPLE
ev.

“TA

Don’ t Monkey Around With Coughs or Colds { ¥*"

Carl's Cough &
Cold Relief Sale!

NYQUIL
ee n$3.79

FORMULA 44
COUGH SYRUP

Family Size $5.99
VAPORUB 50m

Regular $3.69 sate 2.59

CATCH THE

Winter

Booklet Available He:

AND RECEIVE $20 IN SAVINGS!

Spirit!

WITH VICKS

-%

‘emma 6h Formate ad YO ae ndy mae a rman

NASAL MIST

priser «92.49

FREE VICKS TOQUE!

SUCRETS

Throat Lozenges
$2.99

$1.99
OTRIVIN

Pediatric Nose Drops

reg. $3.99 ....92.49

© Cool- -Spray Humidifiers modei 3972
OVERNIGHT SIZE

Canadian Radio-television and

Telecommunications Commission
Conseil de la radioditfusion et des
télécommunications canadiennes

CRTC

Deci Shaw Cablesystems (B.C.) Ltd. 4. Castlegar, Robson and Blueberry Creek, B.C.
lech good boehy Addition of the Tr Trail, Rossland, Mont so byt Frutvai te Spay reas and the

areas of Ootischenia and Pass Creek to the lics — Deletion of an
oxieti local head end ot shy eat Ric and “oddition of lo of Tocal he head one at yOantioger end Trail
and @ distant head end on Granite Mountain. APPROVED — Reliet from the requ’ it to
se CBUAT-; pom and ONT: WV: 1 Castlegar on the Dhises sector ond eon and CKNT-TV Trait
‘on the Castl of the authorized service reliet from the requirement to
distribute the CBC Trench language and the CBC Porlamemery Television Network services on
unrestricted channels.

iv

ision 88-46.

Where may | read CRTC documents? CRTC documents may be read in the “Canade Gazette”,
Port 1; ot mente olfices; and at roerenen| libretto. cric pre teooh concerning a licensee tboracpe'y
read ot the normal business hours. You alse may obtain copies of CRTC
public documen CRTC at: Ottawa/Huil (819) 997-0313; Holifax (902) 426-
7997; Montreal (514) 283-6607; Winnipeg (204) 949-6906; Vancouver (604) 666-2111.

Canad

BACK

ee
H&R BLOCK
oe

Why wait for your tax refund when
you could get Cash Back fast?

i qualify you can get a cheque

EXTRA STRENGTH NE he
i. $8.49

CHILDREN’S po. Fh

49: sale’ .

New Tylenol Cold Medication
DAYTIME OR NIGHTIME

ADULT LIQUID

FREE GREETING CARD
$3.00 Refund Offer When You Buy Any 2
Novahistine or Novahistex Products

lor C

you
for 85% of the first $300 of your tax
refund and 95% of the rest. Plus your
tax return will be accurately pre-
pared at no extra charge. So why
wait for the refund chequc to arrive
by mail? Ask about Cash Back at

NOVAHISTEX CAPSULES 10s

H&R Block, and get your refund fast.
1761 Columbia Ave.

CARL'S DRUGS