5.
Castlegar News cecomber 3. 1909

TOP
SALESMAN

BRIAN BEBELMAN
Neil Kalawsky, President and
General Manager of
Kalawsky Pontiac Buick GMC
(1989) Ltd. is pleased to an
nounce that Brian Bebelman
has earned our Top Salesman
Award for November 1989
Brian has been an outstan.
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customers. | invite you to con
tact Brian when you are
looking for your next vehicle
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He is a true professional in
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BT KALAwsky

PONTIAC BUICK GMC (1989) LTD
1700 Col. Ave., Castlegar 0-8917

B.C. Tel
proposes
cost cuts

VANCOUVER (CP) — The B.C
Telephone Co. said it wants to reduce
the cost of some of its private-line
telecommunications services used by
major businesses by up to 70 per cent

These and other proposed reduc:
tions to the B.C. Tel competitive-
business networks portfolio will be
filed with the Canadian Radio-
television and Telecommunications
Commission early next year, B.C, Tel
said

Coupled with the price reduction,
B.C. Tel is also applying to the CRTC
to increase its rates for some business
services.

The price reductions are being based
on projected revenues
from the market as the cost of the ser-
vice is said B.C. Tel
spokesman Robert Simons.

Simons, group product manager for
integrated network services, said ‘in
creased elasticity’’ by customers
should offset the reduction in price for
the telephone company

“Our proposed reductions in price
are considerable,’* said Roy Osing,
vice-president of B.C. Tel’s business
communications division. “And the
services in question are important links
for our business customers services
used by business for inter-city voice
and data communications.”

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$1B in spending cuts

OTTAWA (CP) — Lowering the
proposed nine-per-cent goods and ser-
vices tax to seven per cent may make
the tax easier to swallow, but the move
will be painful as the federal gover
nment cuts about $1 billion in spen:
ding

Left to Finance Minister Michael
Wilson, the rate would stay at nine per
cent, one Finance Department source
said Tuesday

But Prime Minister Brian Mulroney
has overruled his finance minister and
ordered the rate cut to seven per cent so
it will be easier to sell to skeptical and
tax-weary Canadians.

The federal government will have to
reduce its spending by about $1 billion
to lower the rate without extending the
tax to goods and services except under
the proposal such as food, the source
said

The slashing will be done by the
cabinet's expenditufe review commit
tee

Treasury Board President Robert de
Cotret, promising Tuesday that no

civil servants would be laid off, said
every Canadian will feelthe pinch.

Outside the Commons, De Cotret
refused to specify what cuts are en-
visaged, but said they would concen-
trate on streamlining government ser-
vices.

**We want managers to manage,” he
said, ‘Be accountable, but give them
more authority at the same time so.that
they're not always hamstrung by cen-
tral agencies.

MORE PROBLEMS

Tory MP Garth Turner, chairman
of the Commons consumer affairs
committee, warned spending cuts
could create more problems than they
solve. Canadians will be angry when
they feel their effect, he said

“It is going to hit all of our lives and
I think the only way that Canada can
be well served by this government is if
we have more of that pain, and the im-
portant thing is to share it equally.’’

Tom d’Aquino, president of the
Business Council on National Issues’
which represents Canada's largest cor:

Aid to East B

BRUSSELS (AP) = Japanurged
industrialized countries today ( pour
money into eastern Europe to keep the
region’s from
being derailed by economic troubles.

US. State Secretary James Baker as
well as External Affairs Minister Joe
Clark and foreign ministers from 22
other western countries opened talks
today on ways to help support .the
movements for more open political
and economic systems in Poland and
Hungary

The talks are the first by the chief
envoys on an aid program for the
eastern European countries since U.S
President George Bush, Prime
Minister Brian Mulroney and other
world leaders suggested such help last
summer

Japanese Foreign Minister taro
Nakayaina said in a speech to the
meeting that the talks, sponsored by
the 12-country European Community,
are “‘of significance."’

democratic reforms

great

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Ata. 126 8

Ninety years of conventional lead
smelting came to an end Dec. 10 at
Cominco's Trail Operations with the
shutdown of the lead blast furnaces
and the sinter plant, as the new, state
of-the-art smelter nears start-up

“The shut down of the old smelter
went very smoothly," George Yurko,
general manager of lead operations,

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Industrial
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“There is every indication,”
Nakayama said, “that the wave of
reform originating in these two coun-
tries will spread to all of the East
European countries."*
REMOVE HARDSHIPS

An advance text of his remarks said
“It is extremely important to remove,
to the extent possible, the economic
hardships which confront Poland and
Hungary and to enhance the smooth
implementation of the economic
reconstruction and development so
that budding reform in the two coun.
tries will develop unimpaired and
finally bear fruit.””

Nakayama said his government is
prepared to offer $150 million US to an

said in a news release. ‘*Work is now in
progress to tie in feed lines and ven.
tilation systems that will enable the
new plant to start up. This should take
three days and, barring any delays, the
first feed to the reactor will be in-
troduced on Thursday, Dec. 14,
1989.””

Following the tie-in period, one of
the old blast furnaces will operate for
about a two-week period in order to
clean up accumulated process
materials that must be smelted in the
old system, Yurko said

Crews in the old smelter have been
very dedicated, he added

“Over the past year, it has been a
challenge for all the supervisors and
operators to continue to run the old

TOM d'AQUINO
- predicts controversy
*

countries
Brussels

economic fund for
Poland as soon as the Warsaw gover
nment reaches an agreement with the
International Monetary Fund

Poland and Hungary are negotiating
with the IMF for financial rescue
packages that would provide them
with additional western loans and help
in easing their huge foreign debts

Nakayama also said Japan is willing
aid and

stabilization

to provide emergency food
trade preferences to Poland
He said Japan is looking at ways to
provide technical help in the fields of
managerial skills
protection for
Hungary
Foreign

and environmental
both Poland and

ministers Krzysztof

ars startup

“Preparing the new plant for start-
up, including an extensive training
program to ensure safe operation of

operation,’’ Yurko said. ‘‘It was a
tough haul but they all did their jobs
very well.””

The new smelter has been under con
struction since 1986. The innovative
oxygen smelting process produces lead
bullion and slag directly from lead
concentrate and zine residues at high
temperatures in the presence of a high
volume of oxygen in the reactor. It will

perform all the same functions that the
blast furnaces and sinter plant did

porations, also recognized the political
risks. He was sure lowering the rate
would make the tax more acceptable
but that spending cuts would be con-
troversial.

But Murray Dorin, vice-chairman of
the Commons finance committee, said
the federal government should target
the billions of dollars provided to
provincial governments, partly
because they oppose the tax.

The provinces are hypocritical in
oppoing the new tax, which will help
pay for federal funding they receive, he
said.

“If it wasn’t for that, we wouldn’t
need the GST. It seems to me they’re
biting the hand that feeds them and
maybe they should be reminded of
that.’”

Tory members of the finance com-
mittee have recommended lowering
Wilson’s rate to seven per cent by ex-
tending the tax to sales of all kinds of
houses.

loc pondered

Skubiszewski_ of Poland and Gyula
Horn of Hungary were to address the
opening session of the meeting.

Officials say the Group of 24 coun-
tries have offered roughly $4 billion to
$6 billion US in help, ranging from
loans and emergency food shipments
to export credit guarantees.

Baker said in a speech Tuesday to
the Berlin Press Club that the United
States has authorized about $1 billion
in assistance to the two countries.

Michel Camdessus, head of the IM-
F, said Monday that a letter of intent
for a $700-million UN loan agreement
with Poland could be initialled this
week. Poland hasa foreign debt of $40
billion. Hungary has a foreign debt of
$20billion

Attending today’s meeting were EC
members Britain, Ireland, Denmark,
Belgium, Luxembourg, the
Netherlands, Germany, France,
Spain, Italy, Portugal and Greece.

Gorbachev started
second communist
revolution in
the late 1980s

MOSCOW (AP) — As the 1980s
dawned, communism was on the mar-
ch again, this time on the backs of
Soviet soldiers entering Afghanistan
Andrei Sakharov was on his way to
exile for saying it was wrong.

As the decade closes, the red tide
that Lenin dreamed would cover the
world appeared to be receding. Some
even said that 72 years after the
Bolshevik Revolution, the dream
already had died, despite the deter-
mined efforts of a peasant’s son from
southern Russia to remake it for the
1990s.

In the 1980s, years of official lies,
brutality, empty store shelves and
mind-boggling inefficiency caught up
with the Soviet Union and then with its
allies. Promising paradise for the
laboring masses, Soviet-style socialism
could not save three out of four
potatoes from rotting before they
reached the plate, Meanwhile, the
West prospered

Mikhail Gorbachev's selection as
Soviet Communist party chief on Mar-
ch 11, 1985, divided the decade bet-
ween the cozy downward spiral of
Leonid Brezhnev and his proteges, and
arevolution in the revolution,

EXORCISES TERROR

Gorbachev exorcised from Soviet
hearts the terror of the midnight knock
on the door, He declared Afghanistan
a ‘bleeding wound,” and pulled out
his soldiers. He brought dissidents
back from exile and prison. He
negotiated with U.S. President Ronald
Reagan to removed missiles \ from
Europe

ANALYSIS

He proclaimed the Cold War over.
He proclaimed the gospel of
“perestroika’” and ‘‘glasnost’? —
restructuring and openness — and he
badgered, pleaded and blustered to
push his society ahead

In politics, in the press, on the
streets, the unthinkable“ quickly
became the commonplace. Words that
earlier would have meant jail were

live from the Kremlin.

the new technology, has been a
tremendous effort by a dedicated team
of commissioning people," said Ross
Reynolds, operating manager of lead
smelting

As a result of minor delays in the
start-up process, the schedule for the
layoffs of temporary employees has
changed. As stated in an earlier
release, 21 employees were to be laid
off on Dec. 6 with a possibility of a fur-
ther 25 temporary employees being
laid off over the next few months. Only
three of the employees were laid off on
Dec. 6, eight will be laid off on Dec. 15
and 16 on Dec. 23

‘Ski Two Great Days On One
Great Mountain

Ski Schweitzer

But after almost five years, Gor-
bachev’s people were worse off
economically, and angry. Ethnic
minorities wanted out of the Soviet
Union altogether

Aging East European leaders could
no longer contain the popular
dissatisfication, and Gorbachev
helped push them toward peaceful
revolution. In Poland and Hungary,
then East Germany and
Czechoslovakia, Communists
cowered before people power

Solidarity, Lech Walesa’s ex-
pression of worker discontent in
Poland, arose in 1980, endured years
of martial law and intimidation, and
formed the first non-communist
government in the Eastern alliance.
Hungary’s Communist party changed
its name and promised free elections

THOUSANDS FLEE

Thousands fled East Germany, and
thousands more braved police dogs
and truncheons to demand change.
Hardliner Erich Honecker and his
Berlin Wall cracked. In one night of
mad celebration, East and West
Berliners danced together atop the
concrete baffter that separated them
for 28 years.

China hosted Gorbachev in the first
Soviet-Chineese summit in 30 years, a
sign of the gradual warming between
the estranged Communist giants.

Under Deng Xiaoping’s reforms,
families whose prized possessions once
were bicycles and sewing machines
bought color TVs and refrigerators.
Deng eliminated communes and
promoted free markets.

But in the end, China's dizzying
decade of change turned sour.

MIKHAIL GORBACHEV
. became party chief in 1985

Hundreds of thousands of students
and workers demanded political
changes to go with economic reform.
Deng crushed their movement under
tank treads on Tiananmen Square.
The\ 1990s promised more central
planning and more surveillance

Soviet-backed governments in
Africa sought openings to the West

Vietnam and Cuba muddled
through with minimal reforms. Only
the most xenophobic countires, such
as Romania under Nicolae Ceausescu
and Kim Il Sung’s North Korea,
resisted reform.

COMMUNISM DYING?

Many, dedicated Communists and
workers alike, drew the conclusion
that outward turmoil was a sign of
communism’s inner decay. Born of
19th-century rationalism and
materialism, the ideology could not
exploit that world view for the good of
the working man.

Lenin’s revolution, .said Boris
Pestov, a 23-year-old Moscow worker,
“‘was just a seizure of power by one
party, the Bolsheviks, and nobody else
needed it.’*

An East German man watched
police beat people trying to jump
aboard a train to West Germany. ‘‘I
saw them beat children,’’ he said.
“*That was when my wife and I decided
to leave.’”

British Communist Martin Jacques

the deepest expression of the laws of
history had. been. ‘overtaken by
history.’

Defenders of the system claimed it
could be reformed. ‘I don’t think
socialism is kaput,’ said Egon Krenz,
named in mid-Ocyabs
East Germany. “I. think
disfigurements of socialism are
kaput.”

But several weeks later, Krenz him-
self was kaput, swept away by the party
on the same day it expelled Honecker

DUBCEK RETURNS

Alexander Dubcek, the
Czechoslovak Communist leader
whose reforms were crushed by Soviet
tanks in 1968, could stand before a
half-million people on Prague's Wen-
ceslas Square 21 years later and
proclaim, ‘‘The ideas of democracy,
freedom and humanity live on.,"*

Gorbachev acknowledged the events
of the 1980s as the fruit of com-
munism’s stormy history

“Our past defies a simple, straigh-
forward interpretation,’ the Soviet
leader said. But he conceded, ‘‘This
country has failed to create for its
people the conditions of life which are
natural for a civilized state.’

A few Soviet politicians proposed
the heretical — to remove Lenin’s
body from its Red Square mausoleum
and bury it: But Gorbachev kept faith
in the dynamism of Leninism to direct
the world on a new path of- using the
scientific revolution for the benefit of
all.

“The idea of socialism as we under-
stand it today is, above all, the idea of
freedom,”’ he said.

December 13, 1989

~
the

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