April 18, 1990 light carpentry, fences, ling, inside and out reasonable rates (senior discounts). 365. 2367 Lotne. tin/30 ona For all your BACKHOE NEEDS Triple “A” Contracting 7124 R.U.4 CONTRACTORS © HOUSE RENOVATIONS ® CONCRETE * SWIM MING POOLS 36! 6355. tin/8 oe ARE YOU HAVING AN AFFAIR? For your next wedding, social or por ty.call.us. Dance bands, mobile disco units, PA rental, musical instrument sales and supplies Ph. 362-7795 CUSTOM roto! jeed work Some prices as year. Doug. 365. 3703 VB COMPUTER TRAINING & CONSULTING Associate Systems now taking bookings for * Bedford Accounting training on a live data approach + intro DOS & totus t; 2,3 Gov't Funding Available KEN HILLSTEAD 359-7889 ED SPAGETT’ ' Trucking Hauling of sand, gravel cary ai | etc. 365-5273. Cos! 3/42. Bal Tax Service * Income Tax Returns * Bookkeeping Se BEV CALL 365-7033 1245-3rd Street * Castlegar *BRICK*BLOCK*TILE*ROCK* CONCRETE. For estimates phone 364-2346. tins 4) SHINGLES © TAR & GRAVEL © ROOF REPAIRS Guaranteed Work “FREE ESTIMATES” NEED A JOB? High school and college ts may offer their services under this category @ our Action Ad no. 365-2212, We will run your ad tor 3 issues at no charge thn TO NELSON — Monday to Friday, 9 a.m 5 p.m. Alter 6 p.m. 693-2470, 9/30 WORK, school trips. =. weekly shopping: money. CUTE 8 MONTH-OLD small mate dog to good home, good with children. 365- 3aa7. 2 3 NES. 365. _ if YOU hove an item you'd like to giveaway please drop us a line or phone 365-2212. We'll run your ad for 3 issues tree of charge cat with | blue eye, | ing in Robson. 365-6338. 30 HOOD for ski-doo, Columbie Avenve Saturday, "april 14. Owner may choles by phoning 365-3359. KEYS in black leather ca aay Aprit 11 by Castlegar News. Owner may claim at Castlegar News. 3/30 FREE!! immediate delivery anywhere. Herbol weight loss. Lose 10-29lbs. pe mon natural, teed. As post on T.V. Order now, tlona 16522-4322 7/30 WANTED 61 OVER WEIGHT PEOPLE, We pay you to lose 10-29 Ibs, in 30 days, Doctor recommended, 100% guaranteed. | 732-0280. Vv GRAND OPENING Gino's palm and tarot card, psyshic readings. Tells post, present and future Gifted through generations, answers al questions in ti marriage Business, efc. Phone this gifted lody today; 364-1436, Trait, B.C ALCOHOLICS enenymous and Al-Anon Phone 365: 104/71 THE FRIENDS of John & Catherine tadler ‘are-cordiatly-invited-to join” th colebrating | their 50th wedding anniver 1 the 421-13th Portu: eee B.C. From 21p.m. to 6:00 Ave., THE A.P.A. trom Appledale would like to thank the Castlegar ond Nelson businesses who donated their prizes and door prizes to our Bingo on April 13 Your participation helps make our event successful. Thank you very much for everyone who came and supported us 3731 ss my sincere thanks and P appreciation to the Castlegar jwanis club for selecting and honouring me as Castlegar's citizen of the year for 1989. | further wish to thank the club for the wonderful dinner and social evening which followed and was attended by so many of my family tizens of the year" many Kiwanians and wives. | also want to thank all the family-members and friends who sent cards and ‘ond-tast;-but-not-teast. SILVER tabby kitf Homes area. 365-2787 3/29 FOUND items are not charged for. #f you've found something, phone our Ac tion Ad number 365-2212 during regular business hours and we'll run your ad for 3 issues free of charge. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY: Stuff en- velopes at home. Earn $600/weekly. Free supplies. Rush self addressed. stamped envelope. Hughes Enterprises. Department A-9, Box 964, Peter borough, Ontario, K9J 7A5. 3/30 BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY — Proc ‘at home. Earn big dollars. Free supplies self addressed stamped envelope: G&E Enterprises. 197 Hunter Street. W mpartment No. 20. Peterborough. Ontario, K9H 2L1 GARDENS tilled with @ rear tined ey8 (365-6914. What. the great houses and cities of the world have in common... TIMELESS ORNAMENTAL IRON RAILINGS ~ TAP WELDING 352-6978 ‘aA: DONE RIGHT... FOR LESS! * Renovations © Commercial © Residential f DAVE: 365- a BUSINESS for sale: Vinyl Deck Faber Castlegar and Trail areas! . 365-7086 : 16/19 irl Guide Spring fens hall, Saturday, NORTH CASTIE Tea at the S April 21 prizes rm $1.00 a THE FISH TRUCK (formerly Westcoast Seatoods) at Hi Arrow Arms Parking Lot Friday, April 20, 10.a.m. to 7 p.m. 31 rc 1-3 p.m. Bake toble, seedling -door ad PROVINCE-WIDE CLASSIFIED $165 $15 DISCOUNT FOR CASH! Call us for details! Classified Ads 365-2212 acre Castlegar News Zuckerberg Island Heritage Park — Open Wednesday-sun doy, 8 a.m.-4 p.m., Castlegar Rail Station, Mon.-Sat., 8.a.m.-5 p.m. For tur ther information. 365-6440, CHAPEL HOUSE the group of “Rossland Light Opera Players” who gave so-unselfishly of their time and effort to come out from Rossland, soley for the purpose of singing an ode to and roasting “Joe God Bless You All, sincerely Joe Killough. 31 CANADIAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION 11 Memoriam Donations Box 1228 Rossland, B.C. VOG 1Y0 104 73 CANADIAN CANCER SOCIETY _1In memoriam donations information: Box 3292, Castlegar, B.C. 365-5167. 104/23 Legals Treat ASA with respect doctors say The Canadian Press It's become the drug for all reasons, a veritable Panacea to lower fever, relieve headache and ease ar- thritis pain. Recent studies suggest daily doses may even help prevent heart attacks and strokes. But should the ordinary ASA tablet, a mainstay of the Canadian medicine cabinet since the turn of the century, replace the apple — as in “‘an aspirin a day keeps the doctor away?"’ For the average person trying to Stave Off a heart attack or stroke, many doctors answer with a resoun- ding ‘‘No.”” “We have discovered yet another virtue of aspirin, which happens to be a very powerful, multi-faceted drug,”” says Dr. Vladimir Hachinski, chair- man-of the neurological science department at the Universtiy of ‘Western Ontario in London: “It’s just like a diamond — each time you look at it you: see something you didn’t see befofe,’’ Hachinsky said in an interview. ‘“The flip-side of that is it should be treated with the same respect as a prescription drug. No one should take it without medical advice.”’ Cardiologist John Gill of Hamilton General Hospital agrees, saying ASA isa potentially harmful drug that should not be taken lightly. “Here's a drug that's been available over the counter for many, many years and it’s cheap,”* said Gill. “‘But the message shouldn’t be that all of us, including our kids, need to be taking-one of these a day.”’ Studies have suggested regular doses of acetylsalicylic acid — called aspirin in the United States and ASA Gli Sila conhiery in Canada, where Aspirin is the AUTOMOTIVE trademark of Sterling Drugs — may help people live longer. The most recent study, published last week in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed daily ASA halved the risk of stroke caused by « clot arising in the heart because of irregular heartbeat, a condtiion called atrial fibrillation. By far the largest and most con- troversial study is the U.S, Physicians. Health Study; which tested 22,071 male doctors. Call 365-2955 Jy CLEAN Ah... uP! R, TRUCK, BOAT, CAMPER, MOT! EAN-| uP to make it look Mat ‘right for spring . Let our Auto detailing protessionals eke your unit LOOK LIKE NEW! as little os Gary Maloney 2. : CASTLEGAR gi mazpa THIS |S THE MALDA WAY! + CALL NOW CALL COLLEC Need that extra FOR APPOINTMENTS CALL CARL JOHNSON COLLECT AT 365-7241 Province of Ministry of Bansn Columora ts NOTICE INVITING APPLICATIONS FOR TIMBER SALE LICENCE A34165 Province of Ministry of British Columbia — Forests NOTICE INVITING APPLICATIONS FOR TIMBER SALE LICENCE A34167 Pursuant to Section 16 of the Forest Act, sealed tender applications will be accepted by the District Manager, 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar ...to be opened at 1:00 p.m. (local time) on the 24th day of April, 1990, for a Timber Sale Licence to authorize the removal of 3700 cubic metres, more or less, of timber located at McCormick Creek East, in the Arrow Timber Supply Area, thirty (30) kilometers West of Castlegor Kootenay Land District Species: 60% Lodgepole Pine, 30% Douglas Fir, and 10% Other Species Term: One (1) Year. Bidding is restricted to persons d register in the Small Business rprise Program, Category Particulars may be obtained from the District Manager at 845 Columbia Lifelmsurance ~ Disability income RRSPs irensed wath Mutual Life of! Investco inc.”, two of The Mutual Group. ‘‘Let mehelp you with your financial needs.’ Financial Planning Employee Benefits Ri The Mutual Group Facing Tomorrow Together Annuities and RRIFs GICs and Saving Plans investment Funds SELKIRK COLLEGE Invites f for the foll 9 P — CASTLEGAR CAMPUS the B.C.G.EU- ‘31, 199). Salary in accordance wit CLERK — NELSO tivities ar have a St. John’s First Aid bag icon ye one < css 48. Port -time position (10 hours, dosh) hos — commencing again during Salary in.accordance with the P.P.. w. c. Lapa sora agreement. Please submit your resume, together of three references, by April 24. 1998, to PERSONNEL & EMPLOYEE RELATIONS Pursuant to Section 16 of the Forest Act, sealed tender applications will be accepted by the District Manager 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar B.C., to be opened at 11:00 a.m (local time) on the 24th day of April ra Timber Sale Licence to authorize the removal of 6063 cubic metres, more or less, of timber located at Gem Hill West, in the Arrow Timber Supply Area. thirty (30) kilometers West of Castlegar Kootenay Land District Species: 45% Lodgepole Pine. 20% Spruce, 15% Larch, 10% Balsam and 10% Other Species. Term: One (1) year Bidding is restricted 10 persons registered in the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, Category One Particulars may be obtained from the District Manager at 845 Columbia Avenve. Castlegar, B.C., VIN 1H3, or the Regional Manager at 518 Lake Street, Nelson, B.C., VIL 4C6 BP IRS BO A SE BA pring Tune-Up Specials 4 * 4 CYLINDER 39° 4% Q * FRONT WHEEL * 8 CYLINDER 59° ALIGNMENT SPECIAL ollede 2.-STUDENT ACTIVITIES/CAMPUS RE IN CAMPUS To organize recreation activites on the Campus by planning or or 1. ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE INSTRUCTOR E To instruct International Education students in the areas of: grammar, listening, speaking reading and writing skills. Applicants should have training and/or experience in teaching E-S.L. aes peeners is full time, short term (May | to July ‘collective agreement. pay ey: progr graduates; have experience working with student adiamcea palin sheroe o Driver's license. This ts 0 @8 soon as possible to May 31, ic year (September to May) with copies of transcripts and the names Box 1200, Castlegar, B.C. VIN 3J1 365-7292 EATION plus parts * 6 CYLINDER 49° * GOVERNMENT g%5 SAFETY INSPECTIONS All Prices In Effect Until April 30th plus parts 29°95 Plus Parts SENIORS 10% DISCOUNT LOW RATE FINANCING * FORD F SERIES 1 0-9 ores mos # FORD TEMPO 10.9 Yrs mos. or $750 C.B. BN / ~ April 18,1990 Cl GET THE PERFECT Fir WITH A KOOTENAY SAVINGS RRSP. Kootenay Savings Getting a grip on garbage © Searc Editor's note: Garbage is a big issue in communities across Canada and the United States. City dumps are filling up fast — and then what? This is the first in a series on North America’s garbage problem and efforts to recycle waste materials. By CALVIN WOODWARD NEW YORK (CP) — Seagulls cover Staten Island's mountains of garbage like snow. They’re fat.. They couldn’t look any happier. So much garbage, so little time. ‘Their banquet atop New York City’s main dump comes compliments of a growing North American problem — wherre to put the trash. Across the United States and Canada, officials are wringing their hands. They’ re urging everyone to Recycle, Reuse and Reduce, and coming up with some fanciful schemes to ease the crunch without riling-the~pesky public. The Tush for ts gtoU-s- garbage expert William Rathje — if anything troubles a man whose answering Machine tells a steady stream of callers he’s out saving humanity but will get back to you soon, ‘*buckeroo.’” Rathje, an anthropologist, has been cheerfully exhuming dumps for almost 20 years as head of the Uniyeristy of Arizona’s Garbage Project. He offers this radical thought—on the industrialized world’s trash overload: “Ever since governments began facing up to their responsibilities, the story of the garbage problem in the West has been one of steady amelioration, of-bad giving way to less bad and eventually to not too bad.”” SEES NO CRISIS Rathje maintains there is no broad crisis, although he Says the problem is severe in the heavily populated U.S. northeast. He thinks effective recycling must be promoted as part of a mix of popular and unpopular garbage- management policies. In the United States, one-third of all dumps are ex- pected to be full in five years, 80 per cent in 20 years. In Canada, authorities don’t know how many will fill up-and-when,-but they-know-they-have-a- — “‘Ottawa has a lot of empty area around it and it has to—have—a—tandfilt,*—says— Davitt Hay, Canada’s chief official on municipal waste, giving just one example. “But you go outside the Ottawa boundaries and the Political forces there tell you to take your garbage and go some place dark and moist.’” Vancouver has looked at rail cars bound for the B.C. Interior, and Montreal at old northern mine shafts. their continuing search for places to put it all. REDUCE WASTE The pressure is on in both the United States and Canada to cut the volume of stuff before it becomes gar’ bage. This has led to everything from thinner throwaway “cups to proposed “‘source reduction” legislation in some =k YO Le, % ‘x A GROWING PROBLEM ... The gees continues to pile bg as North American governments and experts consi U.S. states that would restrict or tax certain types of packaging or even disposable diapers “By the time you get to the waste, you’ve lose the tase,"-says Konrad von Moitke-of the LS Conservation: Institute, explaining the incentive to cut at the source. —\We face a hanging judge on wastes."* But Rathje says source reduction is one of the less promising approaches to the garbage glut. It is, he con- tends, ‘‘straight_elitism’’ rarely. promoted _ by people who have to struggle the hardest to make ends meet. When you say no to disposables, you're really messing with something very serious,” he said by phone from Tucson. “*Somebody’s going to have to stay home and do the cooking and the cleaning. “Twenty-five years ago, there wasn’t any question who stayed home. I’m not sure we want to raise that question today.’’ Industry loves Rathje. ier ways to reduce the tras! heaps. find his work valuable, even if they dispute his con- clusions. They know that no other scholar has been so in- timate with our rubbish. the conventional wisdoms upset by the University of Arizona’s Gatbage Project is that natural ‘break-down-casily—in—tandfitis.-its-excavations have uncovered corn cobs that merely mummified and 40- year-old newspapers that could still be read. “That is a very significant finding and it’s one that has implications in terms of how we integrate the waste stream,’’ said Richard Denison, senior scientist with the Environmental Defence Fund, a leading U.S. lobbying group. Paper products, far bulkier than plastics, can no Yonger be promoted as inherently kinder to the environ- ment, Denison says “If you’re looking for an ogre, pick paper,"’ Hay of Environment Canada bang for your buck.”’ fe agrees “You might get a bigger But governments and many Editor’s note: Recycling is the new trend in the North American going to have a major impact on Canadian forest and newsprint companies. By CALVIN WOODWARD The Canadian Press The Canadian newsprint in- dustry, sustained for so long by the great natural forests, expects Newsprint industry may import from U.S. product to the United States, almost all of it virgin fibre. That export makes up almost 60 per cent of all newsprint con- sumed in the United States. CAPACITY LAGS But Canada can only make one- The fifth the recycled paper of U.S. mills, and that’s what Americans increasingly want. “Virgin fibre always had cent within 10 years. The market for new material won't vanish because virgin fibre has to go into the mix to make new newsprint. But the percentage of recycled fibre is rising. American Newspaper Publishers Association has called for increased use and production of recycled newsprint, aware that more publishers may be forced by and Americans throw away about I.7 hing for viable solutions kilograms of household garbage per person cach di Both countries recycle about 10-per-cent-of-itburn- 10 per cent and dump the rest, and have set goals of cut- ting Waste generation by half within 10 years. Not surprisingly, places with the most people generally have the worst problems. In parts of New Jersey, residents all but tie up their garbage with a bow. They sort, store and in some cases wash glass, plastic bottles, and subject to regulations on the shape, size and weight of the bundles. What's left costs about $30 US a month to have taken away. FRESH KILLS DUMP Across the Hudson River, the garbage molehills of millions of New Yorkers become the mountains of Staten istand — the gruesomely named Fresh Kills landfill: From doorsteps to depots, the bulk of the city’s gar- bage is loaded on to barges and hauled non-stop to Fresh Kills, where mammoth trucks, filled to overflowing and blanketed with seagulls hitching a ride, rock and lumber up the slopes to plains that are 75 metres above sea level, and rising. The dump, which takes in 24,000 tonnes a day, may be shut down in a few years because it is thought to be leaking poisons into the water. “At the-same-time,-a-proposed-incinerator—is-being blocked by public opposition. “Americans want a silver bullet,"” Rathje complains. “They just don’t want to have to mess with too many things.’’ They need to focus their minds on garbage, he says. For too long, they’ve tried to turn a moth into a but- terfly — building dumps that can some day become parks, designing incinerators that can turn waste into citywide supplies of energy. Let's just call a moth a moth, Rathje says. TAKE REAL STEPS Change freight rates to encourage the transport of recycled newsprint. Have governments use double-sided copying paper to cut that portion of the paper-flow by half. Locate new landfills in places where few people live and the water table is low. Build incinerators that are the best for garbage — even if they only heat a swimming pool. Step on the moth. Meanwhile, Rathje advises the western world, face up to the **consumer guilt’’ that he says is driving a well- intentioned public to believe garbage is such a crisis they must lower their standard of living to cope with it. Understand, he says, that we hate plastic for the wrong reason — because it is the texture of industry, ar- tificiality and the conspicuous consumption of our lives. ““We are the pack-rats of all time,’’ Rathje says, before begging off to take the next of his nearly $0 phone calls a day. “Everybody wants to do the right thing.” Packaging put under pressure Editor's note: The packaging, plastics and fast-food industries are American-marketplace has developed to make life easier. pressure from consumers and gover- nment to reuse, recycle and reduce facing pressures to reuse, recycle and reduce disposable material. But the disposable issue isn’t always as straightforward as it seems. By CA IN WOODWARD The‘Canadian Press “We're looking at going back to basics, but back to basics in a semi- convenient style."” Controls on excess packaging have been introduced by some U.S. com- munities and are being studied in disposable things In the United States, used food containers made of plastic foam, or polystyrene, like the Big Mac shell, are being reprocessed into pellets for a variety of products, including cassette Janine Ferretti’s approach to grocery shopping is to make a little more work for herself and, in the process, causes a little less grief for the environment Toting a canvas bag and a couple of empty egg cartons, the executive director of Pollution Probe, a Toron- to-based environmental group, stops first at a health-food store where she can pack her own eggs from bulk Then it’s on to a supermarket, where she unwraps a package of tomatoes, plunks them in her own small bag, and leaves the cardboard and plastic in the store. “You have to explain why you're doing it,’’ she insists. ‘‘Otherwise they think you're a rube.”’ Ferretti can get a bit radical in her views, contending, for example, that you don’t need a straw to suck or movement, is building several new pry — the goods out of a McDonald's recycling plants shake. Recycled production capacity, But now 340,000 tonnes, is expected to exceed 800,000 tonnes in two years, still less than a tenth of Canada’s overall newsprint Production “They won't be left behind by Canada by a task force. COMING ABOARD The packaging, plastics and fast- food industries are waking up to casings, food trays and insulation. The U.S. plastics industry has set a goal of recycling 25 per cent of continued on page C4 to start importing raw material from the “‘urban forests’’ of the United States. The material will be old newspaper destined for de-inking mills and a new life as recycled paper. The recycling’ movement to which more and more Canadians are subscribing could mean profound changes for the in- dustrial giants of Canada’s dustry will be short of supplies however, newspapers know that wilderness. when more recycling mills are solutions must be found because __The projected demand for built. the tide of public opinion is recycled newsprint, especially in “Clearly, we're going to import strongly in favor of the United States, will affect the lots of waste paper from the Presstime, the competitive advantage Canada United States,"’ he said, adding newspaper has long enjoyed from its vast that would be true even if ‘all and energy, papers sold across Canada McClay of the were collected. Pulp and Paper Newspaper recycling has caught on wildly across the United States, where many dumps are clogged and the average Sunday paper runs 350 pages. Paper and paper- board makes up about 40 per cent of garbage, with plastics trailing at seven per cent. About 35 per cent of old U.S. newspapers are collected to be turned into newsprint of other recycling,"" McClay said of products. The U.S. paper industry Canadian companies. expects the rate to exceed $0 per © on page C3 preference,"’ McClay said. ‘“‘Up until six months ago, this remained true. “Today, I think without doubt, if you produce a recycled sheet you're looked upon more favorably by publishers.’” Despite the current glut of newspapers saved under Ontar- io’s blue-box curbside collection program, McClay said the in- government to do what they can now do voluntarily. The newsprint industry remains concerned that people won't buy as many papers if they have to be bothered with sorting them for collection. Moreover, newspapers are shareholders in newsprint companies using virgin fibre “Despite these complications, PD %, q Jj * FORD RANGER 10.9 Yrs mos or $750C.B. * FORD ESCORT 6.9% >. * MERCURY SABLE 10.9 %is mos. “New Ford Mustang” *AMIFM electronic stereo/cassette dual electric remote control mirrors, RESPONSIBLE 16-year-old will babysit or safety is no accident do housework. References on request so PLAYSAFE! f 365-2765 or 365-2492. Ask for Renee. 3/29 4 14-YEAR-OLD boy looking for part-time job. After scree and weekends. Call RELIABLE Canadian and Oriental ladies. Dovid 365-23: / all ages, desire housekeeping SEAN will we odd jobs around house, arrangements in exchange for accom. yard work, etc. Call 365-2324 3/29 modation etc. 1-547-2020 anytime. 26/04 & MERC TOPAZ 10.9 Y%orse mos. or $750 C.B. * FORD TAURUS 10.9 %or4s mos. some #2 3L EFI Acyl engine sbodyside molding accent stripe shatogen headlamps stinted gl k heater full instrumentation group see Sigar” Tus weex’s specia price 12,828 908 F150 SUPER 08 vac A nn | 1078 Cumy Coaverre priced for that small second car surging recycling,”* says journal of the U.S publishers association The Canadian newsprint in dustry, which has admitted being caught off guard by the 2649 FOURTH CASTLEGAR vIn 2S ec PPS OILY Ne, Here's My Card says Brian Canadian Association. Charles-Albert Poissant, chairman of Donahue Inc. in Quebec City, has predicted that recycling will shift newsprint production to the United States cnr tneh oystom Check Wout “It puts the Canadian industry in il.” Out of ” town call Trail 364-0202 Whether it goes that far, tran- coll FORD we ea Wect Castlegar 365-0: sition of some sort seems | MERCURY Bahay Hours: Mon.-Fri. 6:00- Mn Coser oad unavoidable for a Canadian in- ALL MODELS dustry that sends 70 per cent of its ALL MAKES 1987 CAMERO RS 1906 F180 4x2 xt Seyinger O cytnder sceitent speed T +00t P leaded reed sererreery. Castlégar News Wayne Stolz sees omic axe she believes Canadians are “just clamoring” for products that eliminate excess packaging and vastly reduce throwaway material. People with busy lives and stret ched budgets, she contends, would be willing to pay an inflated price for disposable diapers — kind of an en- vironmental tax — and avoid many of the other things that the North ~Y 2795 7s Moray oe SALES LTD, vier te al aA Caroline soukoroft ADVERTISING | OFFICE 365-5210 * FAX 365 Tou ; Free ‘NAVE YOU DRIVEN A FORD Lare: y plastics and fast-toods industries CUTTING BACK .. . The packagin: e new drive to reuse, recycle and are making changes that reflect reduce disposable items. s TRAIL B.c @ FURTHER DISCOUNTS FOR SENIOR CITIZENS DENNIS BEDIN 367- -7187 ir tedeainaitatoadet ae ae tte