< Sy cs_Casthégar News Moy «190 Alcohol program helps teenagers BURNABY, B.C. (CP) — Dave realized he needed help with his drug and aleohol problem when he began stealing from his parents. “I guess it was a matter of me hitting bottom,” the dark-haired youth says candidly. Now 17, Dave says he spent “probably a couple of years living on the street” — he can't remember exactly how long — getting drunk and high and committing break-ins and thefts. After serving time at a juvenile detention centre, his parents gave him an ultimatum: attend a program put on by the Breakaway Drug Abuse Society or look for somewhere else to live. “My parents said I could live at home if I stayed sober for 30 days.” With some pride, Dave says “I've been sober a year now.” BEGAN LAST YEAR Breakaway was started in early 1987 by a couple of parents in the Vancouver suburb of Burnaby after contact with Bob Meehan of San Diego, Calif., an expert in treating young people for alcohol and drug abuse. Meehan came to Burnaby to speak about his methods and he sent up an associate, Tara Birnbaum, 24, to get the Burnaby program started. Most kids at Breakaway have been brought by parents to get help with a problem that has affected their performance at school‘or general behavior. Many are willing to talk about their problem, but ask that their last names not be used. Almost all see drinking as part of growing up and don't consider it a big deal. “Everyone at parties used to get drunk and start crying,” says Lisa, an attractive 18-year-old, as she recalls how she and her friends used to start out pleasantly tipsy and progress to crying jags and depression “But you learn how to handle it,” she says, noting that now she usually limits drinking to a few beers on weekends. PARENTS FUND But Birnbaum says many teenagers don’t just grow out of it. That's where Breakaway, based in a church basement, comes in. Started with a provincial grant, its operations now are financed by donations from parents and the community. Currently it has 35 young people in a daytime program and about 60 involved in evening drop-in activities. Br ’s approach — providing kids with a sober peer group — is one response to a situation some describe as an epidemic. A survey by the Health Ministry released in November suggests that 86 per cent of students in British Columbia have used alcohol by Grade 12. Almost one in four said they had been drunk at least once in the monthgprior to participating in the survey and 18.5 per cent said they had demonstrated aggressive or déstructive behavior due to alcohol. A House of Commons committee that reviewed alcohol and drug abuse in Canada reported last October more than 80 per cent of Canadians over the age of 15 drink alcohol. On a typical night at the Breakaway centre, small groups of teenagers — most wearing the unofficial uniform of jeans and running shoes — sit-chatting on the well-used furniture. An old Beatles’ tune — With a Little Help From my Friends — is the background to conversation among the 20-odd young people. Sixteen-year-old Kim, with her high-school cheerleader looks, says she has made a new set of friends after being sober for a year. She dropped out of school in 1986 but plans to return. ‘ “I won't say it wasn't fun to get high,” Kim admits, “but I'm happy now. I have real friends.” Experts say teenagers drink because of peer pressure, low self-est and sublimi: in the media that it's the thing to do. And, after all, their parents drink. SAY IT’S FUN A group of gers from a middle-cl ighborhood in Richmond, another Vancouver suburb, say they drink because it's fun and to be sociable. They concede that when they first started drinking — most at about 14 or 15 — they didn’t always handle it well. Although they say they haven't gotten into any serious problems over drinking, they admit the minor scuffles and altercations that break out at parties are often caused by kids who've had too much to drink. The teenagers — all close friends — consider themselves typical. Most'are in their last couple of years of high school; some have part-time jobs. Again they ask that surnames not be used. “We don’t have to be drunk to have fun,” says Lee, a blond 17-year-old who started drinking in Grade 7. “I learned from my parents’ mistakes. My mom and dad wrecked their marriage.’ “The most I ever drank was 15 or 16 beers,” says Ben 17, as he quaffs a brew while shooting a game of pool in his parents recreation room. Ben says he doesn't drink every day and never at school, “but I've seen people come to class pissed occasionally.” ADVISES PARENTS ‘Lisa thinks parents who make a big deal out of their kids’ drinking often make things worse. “Kids get revenge if their parents are strict," she says. “Then if they do sneak off somewhere and get drunk, they're afraid to phone their parents for a drive. I guess drinking’s bad for anyone. But teenagers will always be able to get it.” At Breakaway, Birnbaum says, “We try to show them they can have a sober, fun lifestyle.” A . Birnbaum says it’s somewhat of a myth that it’s the kids with poor home lives who develop alcohol and drug problems, although they may be more at risk due to low self-esteem. A poster along one wall at Breakaway is covered with written testimonials to the program. Among them: Sobriety, You Saved My Life. Life evolved from bacteria NEW YORK (AP) — Every living thing now on Earth descended from bacteria that probably thrived in near-boiling water and raised a stench like rotten eggs, suggests a California study. The organism, which ap- parently lived at least 3,5 billion years ago, was the last ancestor shared by all of today’s life forms, said researcher James Lake. “What we've been able to do is get at the very bottom of the evolutionary tree that relates to all known organisms,” said Lake, professor of mole cular biology at the Uni- versity of California, Los Angeles. While the organism wasn't the origin of life, he said, “it's as far back as we've been able to get, Everything is related to it.” His conelusions come from analysing evolution ary changes in material found in’every living cell. The effort required more than one million compari sons of material from dif- ferent organisms. “It just gives us a new picture of the deepest branches in the tree of life and how they're related to one another,” said Allan Wilson, biochemistry pro- fessor at the University of California, Berkeley, who has used methods like Lake's to trace human lineage. Lake said the ancient ancestors probably __re. sembled today’s one-celled organisms called eocytes, which live in geothermal hot springs. Like eocytes,. the or- ganism probably lived in hot water and got energy by processing sulfur, Lake said. That would produce hydrogen sulfide gas, giv- ing a rotten-egg smell to the springs, he said. 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Oe ay BTre tw ted in forests ae aS ER inves Almost $10.4 million has been invested and 51,000 da; $10.4m ! in the less resource. nal Forest Week began in the 1920s as “Forest Fire Prevention Week,” emphasizing prevention of wildfires, which were of major concern to people living on the fringe of agricultural areas across the country. , but also their partici turn help bring support for improved “Save the Forest Week” continued to emphasize forest fire prevention but also implied that public in B.C. whene we have a world-class industry in lywood, pulp, paper and related products. In fact, THIS WEEK You could say the purpose of National Forest Week is to encourage Canadians to “see the forest for the trees.” iculture, harvesting and manufacturing wood products To be celebrated this year from May 1-7, National Forest Week has its roots in the ecological awareness that began in the 1920s. The special week promotes the vital importance of forests to virtually all Canadians. It promotes not only their app: Across Canada, a broad belt of forests covers much of our land from east coast to west, from the U.S. border to the Our more southern forests are easily accessible to the majority of Canadians who live within 150 miles of the U.S. Canadian forests supply hundreds of thousands of jobs National Forest Week provides an opportunity for expanding individual and collective awareness of how In B.C., forestry has been and continues to be the single Territories. This vast blessing of trees is an essential part of most important industry, in terms of jobs and wages, and in What is today Na‘ in British Columbia more than one quarter of a million In the 1930s, people rely on our forest economy. intention is that greater appreciation of the importance of priceless recreational and aesthetic pleasures of our forests. extremely important trees and forests are to all of us. The the environment, affecting wildlife, air, watersheds, soil conservation, people and economic wealth. border. These forests are an invaluable breathing space and recreational treasure for Canadians, and a “tree-mendous” revenue generated for the province — in addition to the attraction for foreign visitors. careful management of Canada’s forests ‘for the immediate and extended future. management of this pri especi lumber, pl to have a full healthy crown dominant, co-dominant, in- to turn the increased sunlight termediate and into diameter growth. ) g of the land- also practiced future genera ovér-top the less) vigorous Soon the forest is stocked intolerant trees. of Kalesnikoff Lumber examine trees like western larch and tree stand sts growth rate i ifig is a major for- ing in forests allows the harvested areas ¢. quickly with much less sca he growth in one year) which is about four years lodgepole pine. A tree needs with four basic tree classes; after harvesting to prevent erosion is r efforts to ensure forest resources for cedar usually respond bet- increasing ter than shade Ito area above Hugh Kee: and much more + Phil Niel (left) and Jim Mark: igepole cutting and thi for sof marketable mat- e erial, atid profits while de- regenerate natural! SEEDLINGS . . seedlings in the R leader” of a Lod; old. Selective ereasifig disease, pest and fire hazard. Thin estry % gro FOREST WEEK, May 4, 1988 project for people are planting 80,000 trees in plants tree in reforestation ts. Jansma and his . . Leo Jansma of Nelson TREE PLANTER . Southern Wood Produc the Cayuse Creek area of TFL 23. with other resource uses such as rangeland grazing, wildlife, fisheries and recreation. C backlog Nearly 10 per cent of the $300 million FRDA funds — $27 million — is earmarked for more than 200 research and demonstration projects, many of them in the Nelson Forest Region. They include studies which are examining alternative h control methods for plantation establishment, improvements to seedling culture, and planting methods for better survival and growth. The research program is also developing strategies to FRDA's five-year provincial target is to rehabilitate The agreement has also funded new silviculural research to help solve some of the technical problems of 150,000 hectares of the province's forests. “FRDA will have a positive long-term impact on the replanting the backlog NSR lands. forest industry's health. It will ensure that the forests in the Nelson Forest Region are productive for many years to come,” Parker said. tional Supplement On B.C.'s Forest ys of Jop- Company The statistics were contained in a prepared release issued by federal Minister of State (Forestry and Mines) Gerald S. Merrithew and provincial Forests and Lands Minister Dave Parker. informa: ‘ces made Celgar Pulp ” he added. in promoting “This includes replanting over 11,000 hectares of non-satis- ” said Merri. Region since &- has nearly two more year’ to go, it can already be called an unqualified success,” Parker said. National Forest Week, May 1-7, 1988! Pr 4 to al hectares.” “The Canada/B.C. FRDA has led to an unprecedented level of reforestation in B.C. It'reflects both governments’ “We've conducted forestry activities on 70,000 hectares _ rus! of forest land in the Nelson Forest Regionso fai factorily ‘restocked (NSR) lands, fertilizing, brushing and weeding, site preparing and surveying the five-year, federal-provincial Forest ment Agreement (FRDA) was signed in 1985. thew. addi Lumber by Kalesnikoff Ty practises. ig events from tree-planting alks, logging sports days and Southern Wood Products itish Columbia communities are among the most active in Canada — as well they should be — National Forest Week is sponsored across Canada Today, National Forest Week serves as a focus to encourage groups and individuals to participate in the Canadian Forestry Association and regionally by its forest-consciousness-raisin; Wa. WestarTimber became stronger in the 1950s, when “National Forest of employment created in the Nelson Forest help was needed for forest conservation. That message forests should contact: British Columbia Forestry Associa- tion, #1430 - 1100 Melville Street, Vancouver, B.C. V6E 4A6. Any community group or individual wanting to know more about National Forestry Week and ways to celebrate our member Provincial Forestry Associations in cooperation with many other agencies and individuals. Conservation Week” began promoting wise use and management of our. not-endless forests. National Forest Week and responsible forest gatherings to forest wi educational events. and and suppressed. As time passes, the sup- intermediate trees die, some co-dominant it may be become gree, depending up@p what trees are re- Intermediate intermediate ing trees per acre de- pecific site and creases as the remains rot in proved by thin Slocan Forest Products Each year the number of Thinning alters the natural the woods. pressed and begin to in the remaining stand. it is helpful to varying de; first imagine how an unman- 25 aged natural stand of young moved. but very shortly cause much growth increase trees height, “shocked” by a thinning. Asa some dominant become co- tule, only tree diameter is dominant. affected by thinning. Total To understand the effects development of-a stand to a If a tree has less than 30 per cent crown over its ver- tical available sun, moisture and trees. Their removal w: tree height seems to remain | of thinnin nutrients, ning. to trees begins to grow, First, suppressed trees offer little ‘ees there is little competition for competition to dominant in- Company (the Celgar Pulp Resources made Possible Through Co-operation of ... - This informational Supplement On B.C.'s Forest carbohydrates) creases causing more cell constant ona sj Thinning helps trees grow Photosynthesis process where plants turn Some trees are better at utilizingsthe increased sun- Shade tolerant trees like grand fir and western red- dominant (PRY National Forest Week, May 1-7, 1988 tion for sunlight, moisture diameter growth in the trees. and futrients- After thin- years old or less, respond thinning better than tr over 60 years of age. carbgm ‘dioxide and water ning, into Kalesnikoff Lumber + A contractor working for Leo Jansma plants trees on TFL 23. “a WestarTimber Southern Wood Products