Fall 2017 Executive Summary In 2016 the tourism sector accounted for 2.05% of Canada’s gross domestic product (GDP) 1 ($38.7 million), and generated $25.5 billion in gover nment revenue.2 Tourism activities drive key service industries, including accommodations, food and beverage, passenger transportation, recreation, entertainment, and travel services. Located in urban, rural and remote locations, tourism generated 721,600 jobs across Canada in 2016.1 In 2016, the country experienced its second highest number of total arrivals (20 million)3. On a provincial scale, tourism is one of BC’s largest employers . BC outperforms all other provinces and territories when considering overnight visitors, which reached 5.5 million in 2016, up 12.3% from 2015.4 In 2015, tourism GDP in British Columbia contributed $7.4 billion to the provincial economy, $15.7 billion in revenues, and employed 127,700 people in 19,000 businesses.4 While 5.5 million international visitors explored BC in 2016, on a national level statistics show that in 2015 76.6% of tourists in British Columbia were domestic (originating in BC), 16% were from Alberta, 4.3% from Ontario, 2.1% from the prairie provinces and 0.5% originated from Quebec and the Atlantic provinces respectively.5 At the Columbia Basin-Boundary regional level determining the impact of the tourism sector is difficult due to the number of ways people can travel to and from the region, the wide variety of activities that tourists can participate in, and the formal and informal accommodations. However we know that in 2014, the tourism sector in the Kootenay Rockies regioni employed 4,500 people iThe Kootenay Rockies region is an area defined by Destination BC and BC Stats and overlaps with much of the Columbia Basin-Boundary, except for the exclusion of Christina Lake to Big White and Valemount. (4% of provincial total) and was home to 820 of the tourism related establishments (4% of the provincial total).6 This report examines the tourism sector in BC, and explores its contributions to the Columbia Basin-Boundary region. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 2 Introduction This report is part of a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) funded project entitled, Regional Workforce Development in Rural BC. The purpose of this report is to identify current tourism sector market trends and issues, including current and projected labour market needs to help workforce development partners within the Columbia Basin Boundary region understand and respond to changing labour market demands. This tourism sector labour market profile identifies characteristics that comprise the BC tourism sector, including performance in terms of production, and contribution to the regional economy. The guiding research questions include: 1. 2. What is known about the tourism sector within the Columbia Basin-Boundary region and how does the region compare provincially and nationally? What are the current and projected labour market needs for the Columbia Basin Boundary region? Methodology This Tourism Labour Market Profile was prepared by reviewing the following sources (see Appendix A: References and Resources):  Industry research of publically available studies and reports;  Industry data and statistics collected from publically available sources such as Statistics Canada, BC Stats, Destination Canada, Destination BC, as well as other industry associations;  Secondary research documents; and  Labour Force Survey data purchased through Statistics Canada. Data related specifically to the labour market for the tourism industry was selected, as well as economic data that illustrates the status of the labour market. Additional information on a sector in the Columbia-Basin Boundary region may be available as part of the State of the Basin report prepared by the Columbia Basin Rural Development Institute. In general, statistics are not frequently reported for the Columbia Basin-Boundary region making it challenging in some instances to report on statistics for the Columbia Basin-Boundary in its entirety. For instance, some data is collected at a Development Region level and the Columbia Basin-Boundary covers three Development Regions: Revelstoke and Golden in the ThompsonOkanagan region, Valemount i n the Cariboo region, and the entirety of the Kootenay Development Region (see Figure 1). In other instances, data is reported for the South East region, which includes both the Thompson-Okanagan and Kootenay census economic regions, but excludes Valemount. Figure 1: BC development regions as defined by Work BC.7 This report was researched and prepared between January 2, 2017 —July 30, 2017. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 3 The Columbia Basin-Boundary Located in the southeast corner of British Columbia, the Columbia Basin-Boundary region (see Figure 2) includes the Regional Districts of East Kootenay, Central Kootenay, Kootenay Boundary , in addition to Revelstoke, Golden, Valemount, and Columbia Shuswap Regional District Areas A and B. With an approximate land area of 83,171 square kilometres, the region accounts for 9% of the size of British Columbia, and is abundant with valleys and mountain ranges including the Purcells, Selkirks and Monashees. Figure 2: The Columbia Basin-Boundary region. With a regional population of 162,900, the Columbia Basin-Boundary accounts for 3.5% of the provincial population.8 In terms of demographic trends, the overall population is aging and while different communities have different population projections the overall regional population projection is steady, with no large gains or losses.8 The regional economy is primarily resource-based, with the forestry and mining sectors acting as two key economic drivers. The region’s hydro-electric power generation accounts for approximately 44% of electricity generated in the province and the region is home to British Columbia’s largest coal fields. The Columbia Basin-Boundary region is also amenity-rich, supporting a vibrant tourism industry and includes 12 mountain resorts and ski hills within its boundaries. The labour market in the Kootenay Development Region is currently strong, with the second highest job growth of the seven Development Regions reported between 2010 and 2015 (3.5%).9 While 54.2% of residents have some post-secondary education, only 5.1% have a university certificate, diploma, or degree above a bachelor’s degree, and 9.9% have a university bachelor’s L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 4 degree.10 These educational attainments are lower than both BC and Canada, where in BC 8.1% have a university certificate, diploma, or degree above a bachelor’s degree, and 14.0% have a university bachelor’s degree.10 For Canada, it is 7.5% and 13.3% respectively.11 It is important to note that provincially more than 78% of all future job openings will require post-secondary education, including 36% that will require a bachelor's, graduate or first professional degree and/or significant work experience.12 The unemployment rate i n the Kootenay development region in March of 2017 is 6.4%.13 Characteristics of the Tourism Sector The tourism sector includes those industries that provide a service used by tourists. The core industries of tourism include accommodation services, food and beverage services and arts and recreation services; however, also includes aspects of retail, transportation, information and cultural industries, public administration among other services. However, while BC Stats recognizes BC’s economy includes both goods -producing and service-producing industries, it assumes that goods-producing industries do not deal directly with tourists. Tourism activities include the activities of visitors who are temporarily away from their permanent residence for a number of different reasons, such as:       Travelling for leisure Visiting family and friends Visiting a vacation home Travelling to obtain health care Travelling on business Temporarily away from home for other reasons The BC tourism sector includes a group of industries that have similar characteristics and is defined “to include all industries that provide a service directly to tourists.” 14 Tourism in Canada In 2016, tourism’s share of the national gross domestic product (GDP) was 2.05%.1 Total spending from domestic and international visitors reached $91.6 billion in 2016. In terms of employment, 721,600 jobs were required in the country in 2016 to meet the demand for service delivery. The largest sources of service demand were in the food and beverage industry (228,100 jobs), accommodation (143,900 jobs), recreation and entertainment (67,7 00 jobs), air transportation (52,800 jobs), and travel services (44,900). 1 Nationally, projections for Canada’s tourism sector indicate that by 2030 the demand for labour will be over 2.1 million full-year jobs, while the supply of labour is expected to reach 1.9 million in 2030 – leaving a shortfall of approximately 200,000 jobs.15 Labour shortages are anticipated in almost all tourism related industries, with the greatest projected gap between labour supply and demand anticipated for the recreation and entertainment sector (13.3%), and food and beverage services sector (11.8%).15 The accommodation (8.3%) and transportation sectors (9.5%) will both see gaps, while travel services is expected to see a surplus in labour (-12.0%).15 Overall labour shortage is expected to be 10.7% across the country, with BC’s projected labour shortage to be 9.6%. Tourism in BC L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 5 In 2015, the tourism industry generated $15.7 billion in revenue, up 5.3% from 2014. 16 Revenue in 2015 was highest for accommodation and food services (35.5% or $5,564 million), followed by transportation (32% or $5,012 million), retail services (26.3% or $4,117 million), and other services (6.2% or $970 million).16 Tourism accounts for 13.2% of BC’s total export revenue from BC’s primary resource commodities for 2015.16 As shown in Figure 3, BC Stats shows that the tourism sector contributed $7.1 million in 2014 to the provincial GDP. Another source, Destination BC, shows that tourism contributed more to the GDP in 2015 than any other primary resource industry (i.e. oil and gas, mining, forestry and logging, and agriculture).16 7,400 7,140 Dollars ($) in Millions 7,200 6,833 7,000 6,800 6,600 6,400 6,312 6,337 2007 2008 6,503 6,550 2010 2011 6,669 6,244 6,200 6,000 5,800 5,600 2009 2012 2013 2014 Year Tourism GDP ($2007 Million) Figure 3: BC tourism GDP, 2007 - 2014 17 As shown in Figure 4, Destination BC reports that Accommodation & Food Services generated just over one-third (35.5%) of total tourism revenues in 2015. Transportation accounted for nearly a third (32%) and retail services accounted for more than a quarter (26.3%) of total tourism revenues. Other tourism-related services (e.g. vehicle rentals, tourism-related recreation, entertainment, and vacation homes) accounted for 6.2% of total revenues. 6.2% 35.5% 32.0% 26.3% Accommodation & Food Services Retail Services Transportation Other Services Figure 4: Share of BC tourism revenue by s ector, 2015 5 Provincially, the tourism industry provides employment to 127,500 people in the province (see Figure 5). This is an increase of 2% from 2013, and an overall increase of 8% since 2007. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 6 Employment (in Thousands) 130 127.5 128 124.7 126 124 121.9 122 120 120.7 119.8 119.6 2010 2011 120.9 118.2 118 116 114 112 2007 2008 2009 2012 2013 2014 Year Tourism Employment (in thousands) Figure 5: Tourism employment in thousands, BC, 2007 - 2014 17 In BC, the average compensation paid for work in the tourism sector in 2015 was $35,231. 5 The transportation services sector had the highest average compensation at $60,387, while the accommodation and food services sector had the lowest at $26,268.5 Tourism Sector Classifications: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) The tourism sector is defined by the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) ii to include the sub-industries of:       Accommodation services; Transportation (including air, rail and passenger transportation); Food services and drinking places; Amusement, gambling and recreation industries; Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries; and Heritage institutions. See Appendix B for a detailed list of NAICS and National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes. The accommodation services industry (NAICS 721) is primarily engaged in providing short-term lodging for travellers, vacationers and others. In addition to lodging, a range of other services may be provided. For example, many establishments have restaurants, while others have recreational facilities. Lodging establishments are classified in this subsector even if the provision of complementary services generates more revenues. Establishments that operate lodging facilities primarily designed to accommodate outdoor enthusiasts (i.e. camps, lodges, etc.), are also included in this subsector. These establishments are characterized by the type of accommodation and by the nature and the range of recreational facilities and activities provided to their clients.18 ii The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system composed of sectors (two-digit codes), subsectors (three-digit codes), industry groups (four-digit codes), industries (five-digit codes) and country specific industries (six-digit codes). L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 7 The transportation sector (NAICS 48-49) (as related to the tourism sector), comprises of establishments primarily engaged in transporting passengers and include aspects of the sub sectors of rail (NAICS 482), water (NAICS 483), and air transportation (NAICS 481).18 The food services and drinking places sector (NAICS 722) is comprised of establishments primarily engaged in preparing meals, snacks and beverages, to customer order, for immediate consumption on and off the premises. This subsector does not include food service activities that occur within establishments such as hotels, civic and social associations, amusement and recreation parks, and theatres. However, leased food-service locations in facilities such as hotels, shopping malls, airports, and department stores are included. The industry groups within this subsector include drinking places (NAICS 7224) and full -service restaurants and limited-service eating places (NAICS 7225).18 The amusement, gambling, and recreation subsector (NAICS 713) is comprised of establishments primarily engaged in operating recreation, amusement, and gambling facilities and services. Examples of establishments in this subsector are golf courses, skiing facilities, marinas, recreational sports and fitness centres, bowling centres, amusement parks, amusement arcades and parlours, casinos, bingo hall s, operators of video gaming terminals , and operators of lotteries.18 The performing arts, spectator sports and related industries (NAICS 711) subsector has a clear distinction between performing arts companies and performing artists (independents). Although not unique to arts and entertainment, freelancing is a particularly important phenomenon in this subsector; however, it is difficult to implement in the case of musical groups (companies) and artists, especially pop groups. These establishments tend to be more loosely organized and it can be difficult to distinguish companies from freelancers. Therefore, this subsector includes one industry that covers both musical groups and musical artists.18 Heritage institutions subsector (NAICS 712) is comprised of establishments primarily engaged in preserving and exhibiting objects, sites and natural wonders of historical, cultural and educational value.18 Tourism Sector Trends & Outlook in the Columbia Basin-Boundary Region In 2016, the Rural Development Institute published a Trends Analysis for the Tourism Sector in the Columbia Basin-Boundary Region. That report provides a detailed look at the following indicators: • Provincial Resort Municipality Status; • Annual Room Revenues Generated By the Hotel Room Tax; • Number of Tourists That Visit Visitor Centres; • Number of Passengers That Pass Through Local Airports; • Number of Vehicles Travelling the Local Highways; • Number of Tourism Related Businesses; • Employment in the Tourism Sector; and • The Activities and Alternative Accommodations That Exist. This report will look at additional indicators that are related to the labour market sector specifically. Tourism sector establishments L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 8 The Kootenay Rockies iii is home to 4.3% of the tourism related businesses in the province. 5 That number has stayed nearly the same between 2014 and 2015; there were 820 establishments in 2014 and 819 in 2015.5 4.3% 1.5% 6.2% 16.1% 12.8% 58.4% Vancouver Island Vancouver, Coast & Mnts Thompson Okanagan Kootenay Rockies Cariboo Chilcotin Coast Northern BC Figure 6: Percentage of tourism businesses by region, 2015 5 Economic contribution The number of tourism employees in the Kootenay Rockies has fluctuated over the years (see Figure 7). In 2015, there were 4,000 tourism employees in the region. Employment ( in Thousands) 5000 4800 4800 4600 4400 4500 4400 4200 4100 4100 4000 4000 3800 3600 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Years Kootenay Rockies Figure 7: Tourism employment in the Kootenay Rockies, 2010 - 2015 5 iii The Kootenay Rockies region is an area defined by Destination BC and BC Stats and overlaps with much of the Columbia Basin-Boundary, except for the exclusion of Christina Lake to Big White and Valemount. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 9 Figure 8 represents the projections for the overall labour force participation rates for the Kootenay Development Region. The Kootenay Development Region has a lower labour force participation than the provincial average due to the significantly older age profile within the region.19 The forecast for the region is for continued lower rates of labour force participation as compared to the province as a whole.19 Similar to the rest of the rest of the province, participation rates are projected to decline as the region’s population ages.19 Participation Rate (percentage) 61.0 60.0 59.0 58.0 Males 57.0 Females Total 56.0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 55.0 Years Figure 8: Actual and projected labour force participation rates in the Kootenay Development Region, 15 Years and Over, 2016 - 2033 20 Employment forecast iv A total of 134,700 job openings are expected in the South East region by 2025 across all industries.v,12 Three in ten openings are due to economic growth and the rest are to replace retired workers. Employment demand in the region is forecast to increase each year by 1.1 % on average, the same rate as the provincial average.12 As shown in Figure 9, in BC and in the Kootenay Development Region, the accommodation services subsector will see the highest average annual growth rate of employment between 2016 and 2025, at a rate of 2.0% and 2.1% respectively. Provincially, the Tourism and Hospitality industry is benefiting from an increase in tourism activity and strong consumer spending. The amusement, gambling, and recreation subsector will see the lowest growth provincially 1.0%, and the air transportation subsector will see the lowest growth in the Tourism and Hospitality subsector in the Kootenay development region at just 0.1%. iv Data for industry subsectors is available from WorkBC. Only those subsectors with an Industry Outlook Profile were included. Refer to: https://www.workbc.ca/Labour-Market-Industry/Industry-Information/Industry-Outlooks/Tourismand-Hospitality.aspx v The South East region includes Thompson-Okanagan and Kootenay Census Economic Regions. Note that while this area does not match the Columbia Basin-Boundary region it covers the majority of region except for Valemount located in the Cariboo Census Economic Region. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 10 Interestingly, when looking at the South East region, the ‘performing arts, spectator sports , and related industries’ is projected to be the fourth fastest expanding industries with an annual average employment growth of 2.8%.21 2.0%2.1% 1.7% 1.5% 1.0%1.0% 1.4% 1.1% 1.0% 0.5% 1.1% 0.9% 1.0% Performing Arts and Spectator Sports Food Services and Drinking Places Amusement, Gambling and Recreation Accommodation Services 0.0% 1.5% 0.1% Air Transportation Percent 2.0% Heritage Institutions 2.5% Tourism Subsectors BC Kootenay Figure 9: Average annual growth rate of employment, tourism subsectors, 2016 - 2025 22–27 Within the Kootenay Development Region approximately 2,168 job openings are estimated by 2025 in the Tourism and Hospitality sector. 22–27 As shown in Figure 9, the ‘Accommodation Services’ subsector will see the most number of job openings between 2015 and 2025 , with 894 positions. This accounts for 5% of all jobs in the subsector in the province (16,846 provincially). The food services and drinking places (635) and amusement, gambling, and recreation (412) are all subsectors which will see higher number of job openings in the region. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 11 Job Openings 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 894 635 412 141 43 43 Tourism Subsectors Kootenay Figure 10: Industry job openings, Kootenay Development Region, 2015-2025 22–27 Occupational forecast vi None of the Tourism related occupations are in the top 10 occupations forecast to expand the fastest in the South East region.21 However, the British Columbia 2025 Labour Market Outlook (2016) notes that sales and service occupations, particularly in retail trade, offer significant opportunities for people entering the labour force and half of total projected job openings are expected to occur in the retail trade, arts, recreation, and hospitality industries (in addition to health and social assistance and professional services ).21 Labour demand-supply projection The labour force supply less demandvii (Table 1) looks at the occupations related to the tourism sector in the South East region and examines the supply of workers against the demand for workers. Labour force demand is an estimate of the number of workers needed (employment) as well as the number of workers that are normally unemployed (due to transitioning between jobs, responding to seasonal fluctuations, or lack of skills match). Labour force supply represents the possible labour force, including supply from new entrants and from migrants. Occupations shown in Table 1 and 2 are taken from the list of occupations compiled as part of the WorkBC Industry Outlook Profile for the s ub-industries related to Tourism: vii Labour Force Supply Less Demand: The difference between the Labour Force Supply and Labour Force Demand. If this value is positive, then Labour Force Supply is greater than Labour Force Demand. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 12 Accommodation Services (NAICS 721), Air Transportation (NAICS 481), Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation (NAICS 713), Food Services and Drinking Places (NAICS 722), Heritage Institutions (NAICS 712), and Performing Arts and Spectator Sports (NAICS 711). As shown in Table 1, retail salespersons (-1225), retail and wholesale trade managers (777), food counter attendants, and kitchen helpers and related support occupations (666), are the top three occupations with the highest, sustained projected demand in the tourism sector until 2025 in the South East region. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 13 Geographic Area - South East 0015 Senior managers - trade, broadcasting and other services, n.e.c. 0016 Senior managers construction, transportation, production and utilities 0111 Financial managers 0112 Human resources managers 0124 Advertising, marketing and public relations managers 0511 Library, archive, museum and art gallery managers 0512 Managers - publishing, motion pictures, broadcasting and performing arts 0513 Recreation, sports and fitness program and service directors 0601 Corporate sales managers 0621 Retail and wholesale trade managers 0631 Restaurant and food service managers 0632 Accommodation service managers 0714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 0731 Managers in transportation 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Total 2 -1 -4 -7 -7 -7 -7 -6 -4 -4 -4 -49 -5 0 -4 -8 -8 -11 -10 -8 -5 -5 -4 -68 -2 1 -4 -7 -7 -8 -7 -6 -4 -4 -4 -52 -3 1 -1 -3 -4 -4 -4 -3 -2 -2 -2 -27 0 -1 -3 -5 -5 -6 -6 -5 -3 -3 -3 -40 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -9 0 0 -1 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -14 -2 0 -2 -4 -4 -5 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -35 4 -3 -8 -12 -12 -13 -13 -10 -7 -7 -6 -87 13 15 -58 -109 -114 -124 -119 -93 -64 -62 -62 -777 30 3 -19 -35 -37 -40 -38 -30 -21 -20 -20 -227 20 -2 -9 -14 -14 -15 -14 -11 -8 -7 -7 -81 1 -2 -9 -14 -14 -15 -14 -11 -8 -7 -7 -100 -7 -1 -3 -5 -5 -5 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -44 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 14 Geographic Area - South East 0821 Managers in agriculture 1111 Financial auditors and accountants 1121 Human resources professionals 1122 Professional occupations in business management consulting 1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 1221 Administrative officers 1226 Conference and event planners 1311 Accounting technicians and bookkeepers 1411 General office support workers 1414 Receptionists 1431 Accounting and related clerks 1522 Storekeepers and partspersons 2133 Electrical and electronics engineers 2171 Information systems analysts and consultants 2225 Landscape and horticulture technicians and specialists 2015 2 2016 10 2017 -16 2018 -28 2019 -30 2020 -34 2021 -32 2022 -24 2023 -16 2024 -15 2025 -15 Total -198 -38 10 -12 -27 -29 -32 -31 -25 -17 -16 -16 -233 0 0 -2 -5 -5 -5 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -35 -5 2 -3 -5 -6 -6 -6 -5 -3 -3 -3 -43 -1 0 -3 -5 -5 -5 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -37 -27 5 -29 -55 -57 -66 -62 -50 -35 -33 -32 -441 0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -15 -36 7 -27 -50 -53 -61 -57 -45 -31 -30 -29 -412 10 1 -23 -41 -43 -50 -47 -38 -27 -26 -25 -309 -34 -1 -21 -40 -43 -49 -48 -39 -29 -27 -27 -358 -4 0 -11 -19 -19 -22 -21 -17 -11 -11 -11 -146 8 -1 -9 -14 -14 -15 -14 -11 -8 -7 -7 -92 0 0 -4 -5 -5 -6 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -38 -4 2 -4 -9 -9 -10 -10 -8 -6 -5 -5 1 -3 -6 -7 -8 -7 -6 -4 -4 -63 -4 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm -53 15 Geographic Area - South East 2244 Aircraft instrument, electrical and avionics mechanics, technicians and inspectors 2271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 4021 College and other vocational instructors 4112 Lawyers and Quebec notaries 4163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 4167 Recreation, sports and fitness policy researchers, consultants and program officers 5112 Conservators and curators 5121 Authors and writers 5133 Musicians and singers 5135 Actors and comedians 5136 Painters, sculptors and other visual artists 5212 Technical occupations related to museums and art galleries 5244 Artisans and craftspersons 5252 Coaches 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Total 0 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -17 4 -3 -6 -7 -7 -7 -7 -5 -3 -3 -3 -47 18 -2 -13 -23 -21 -23 -21 -17 -12 -12 -11 -137 -8 2 -4 -8 -8 -9 -9 -7 -5 -5 -5 -66 -1 0 -2 -4 -4 -4 -4 -3 -2 -2 -2 -28 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 0 -3 -3 0 -4 -5 0 -5 -7 0 -5 -7 0 -6 -8 0 -5 -7 0 -4 -6 0 -3 -4 0 -3 -4 0 -3 -4 0 -39 -47 0 4 -4 -5 -7 -7 -7 -7 -5 -4 -4 -3 -49 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 -6 1 -1 -3 -5 -5 -6 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -37 1 -1 -2 -3 -3 -3 -3 -2 -2 -2 -2 -22 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 16 Geographic Area - South East 5254 Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness 6311 Food service supervisors 6312 Executive housekeepers 6313 Accommodation, travel, tourism and related services supervisors 6316 Other services supervisors 6321 Chefs 6322 Cooks 6332 Bakers 6411 Sales and account representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 6421 Retail salespersons 6511 Maîtres d'hôtel and hosts/hostesses 6512 Bartenders 6513 Food and beverage servers 6522 Pursers and flight attendants 6523 Airline ticket and service agents 6525 Hotel front desk clerks 6531 Tour and travel guides 6533 Casino occupations 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Total -13 -1 -11 -22 -22 -26 -24 -19 -13 -13 -12 -176 11 5 1 0 -6 -2 -11 -3 -12 -3 -13 -3 -12 -3 -10 -2 -7 -1 -7 -1 -7 -1 -73 -14 -1 0 -1 -2 -2 -3 -3 -2 -1 -1 -1 -17 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -9 8 46 -11 0 6 0 -8 -37 -7 -14 -66 -13 -15 -72 -14 -16 -77 -15 -15 -74 -15 -12 -58 -11 -9 -41 -8 -8 -39 -7 -8 -40 -7 -97 -452 -108 3 -7 -17 -25 -25 -27 -27 -21 -14 -14 -13 -187 18 26 -90 -170 -178 -196 -188 -148 -102 -99 -98 -1225 6 0 -3 -5 -5 -6 -6 -4 -3 -3 -3 -32 10 0 -6 -10 -10 -11 -11 -8 -6 -6 -6 -64 43 5 -34 -61 -66 -70 -67 -53 -37 -35 -35 -410 0 -2 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -2 -2 -2 -2 -25 1 -1 -2 -3 -3 -3 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -18 30 -1 -8 -3 0 0 -11 0 -2 -16 -1 -4 -17 -1 -4 -17 -1 -5 -16 -1 -4 -13 -1 -4 -9 0 -2 -8 0 -2 -8 0 -2 -88 -6 -37 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 17 Geographic Area - South East 6541 Security guards and related security service occupations 6552 Other customer and information services representatives 6611 Cashiers 6621 Service station attendants 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations 6721 Support occupations in accommodation, travel and facilities set-up services 6722 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport 6731 Light duty cleaners 6733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents 6741 Dry cleaning, laundry and related occupations 6742 Other service support occupations, n.e.c. 7301 Contractors and supervisors, mechanic trades 7315 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors 7514 Delivery and courier service drivers 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Total -19 4 -8 -16 -17 -19 -19 -15 -10 -10 -10 -139 -11 0 -12 -20 -21 -24 -24 -19 -13 -12 -12 -168 17 -1 11 1 -40 -3 -76 -6 -80 -6 -87 -6 -84 -6 -65 -4 -45 -3 -44 -3 -44 -3 -537 -40 67 7 -53 -96 -104 -113 -109 -86 -61 -59 -59 -666 2 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 -5 -14 0 -7 -13 -13 -15 -14 -11 -8 -8 -8 -111 35 3 -41 -70 -74 -81 -79 -62 -44 -42 -42 -497 -1 5 -32 -57 -59 -65 -63 -50 -35 -34 -33 -424 2 0 -2 -4 -4 -5 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -31 -4 0 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -3 -2 -2 -2 -29 1 -1 -4 -5 -4 -5 -5 -4 -3 -3 -3 -36 0 -6 -8 -9 -9 -9 -8 -7 -4 -4 -4 -68 6 -3 -13 -19 -20 -21 -20 -15 -10 -10 -10 -135 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 18 Geographic Area - South East 2015 2016 2017 2018 7534 Air transport ramp 0 -2 -2 -2 attendants 8252 Agricultural service contractors, farm supervisors 1 -1 -2 -2 and specialized livestock workers 8431 General farm workers -2 9 -10 -19 8612 Landscaping and grounds -38 8 -24 -44 maintenance labourers Table 1: Labour force supply less demand, South East region 28 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Total -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -17 -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -15 -20 -23 -21 -16 -10 -10 -10 -132 -47 -52 -50 -39 -27 -26 -26 -365 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 19 Labour demand due to growth & attrition Table 2 presents the estimated total number of job openings for the Kootenay viii and South East region between 2017 and 2025 due to expansion and replacement. Provincially, by 2025 it is expected that 69% of job openings will be due to retirements and deaths.12 In the Kootenay Development Region, the top occupations expected to generate the largest number of new openings (full year job openings) between the years 2017 – 2025 include: retail and wholesale trade managers, retail salespersons, and administrative officers. Kootenay Development Region 0015 Senior managers - trade, broadcasting and other services, n.e.c. 0016 Senior managers - construction, transportation, production and utilities 0111 Financial managers 0112 Human resources managers 0511 Library, archive, museum and art gallery managers 0512 Managers - publishing, motion pictures, broadcasting and performing arts 0513 Recreation, sports and fitness program and service directors 0601 Corporate sales managers 0621 Retail and wholesale trade managers 0631 Restaurant and food service managers 0632 Accommodation service managers 0714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 0821 Managers in agriculture 1111 Financial auditors and accountants 1121 Human resources professionals 1122 Professional occupations in business management consulting 1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 1221 Administrative officers 1311 Accounting technicians and bookkeepers 1411 General office support workers 1414 Receptionists 1431 Accounting and related clerks 1522 Storekeepers and partspersons 2133 Electrical and electronics engineers 2171 Information systems analysts and consultants 2225 Landscape and horticulture technicians and specialists 2271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 4021 College and other vocational instructors 4112 Lawyers and Quebec notaries 4163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants Total Job Openings between 2017 and 2025 64 71 48 28 10 40 10 69 1094 173 121 39 93 132 11 36 9 534 387 217 216 72 114 14 31 38 35 320 21 2 viii The Kootenay region represents a slightly smaller geographic area than the Columbia Basin - Boundary region in so far as it excludes Valemount, Revelstoke and Golden. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 20 Total Job Openings between 2017 and 2025 Kootenay Development Region 4167 Recreation, sports and fitness policy researchers, consultants and program officers 5121 Authors and writers 5133 Musicians and singers 5136 Painters, sculptors and other visual artists 5212 Technical occupations related to museums and art galleries 5244 Artisans and craftspersons 5252 Coaches 5254 Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness 6311 Food service supervisors 6312 Executive housekeepers 6313 Accommodation, travel, tourism and related services supervisors 6321 Chefs 6322 Cooks 6332 Bakers 6411 Sales and account representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 6421 Retail salespersons 6511 Maîtres d'hôtel and hosts/hostesses 6512 Bartenders 6513 Food and beverage servers 6523 Airline ticket and service agents 6525 Hotel front desk clerks 6533 Casino occupations 6541 Security guards and related security service occupations 6552 Other customer and information services representatives 6611 Cashiers 6621 Service station attendants 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations 6722 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport 6731 Light duty cleaners 6733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents 7301 Contractors and supervisors, mechanic trades 7514 Delivery and courier service drivers 8431 General farm workers 8612 Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers South East Development Region ix 0124 Advertising, marketing and public relations managers 0731 Managers in transportation 1226 Conference and event planners 2244 Aircraft instrument, electrical and avionics mechanics, technicians and inspectors 5112 Conservators and curators 0 15 44 58 1 56 1 84 29 41 19 69 285 108 135 844 4 21 195 5 94 9 76 69 377 49 278 61 492 453 23 65 40 210 218 242 63 73 0 ix Data for these occupations is only available at the South East Region level. L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 21 Kootenay Development Region Total Job Openings between 2017 and 2025 0 48 98 21 19 154 322 54 5135 Actors and comedians 6316 Other services supervisors 6522 Pursers and flight attendants 6531 Tour and travel guides 6721 Support occupations in accommodation, travel and facilities set-up services 6741 Dry cleaning, laundry and related occupations 7315 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors 7534 Air transport ramp attendants 8252 Agricultural service contractors, farm supervisors and specialized livestock workers Table 2: Summary of potential job openings due to growth and attrition (in full -year jobs) by industry and occupation in mining-related industries, Kootenay and South East region, 20172025, 29 65 Conclusion The purpose of this report is to identify current tourism sector market trends and issues, including current and projected labour market needs to help workforce development partners within the Columbia Basin-Boundary region understand and respond to changing labour market demands. In total, there are an anticipated 2,168 job openings forecast for the Tourism and Hospitality sector by 2025 in the Kootenay Development Region. The Accommodation Services subsector will see the most number of job openings with 894 positions, accounting for 5% of all jobs in the province in that subsector by 2025. At a subsector level, job openings will be highest in the accommodation services (894), food services and drinking places (635), amusement, gambling and recreation (412), performing arts and spectator sports (141), air transportation (43), and heritage institutions (43). Projected job openings for specific occupations relating to the tourism sector in the Kootenay Development Region between 2017 and 2025 are highest for retail and wholesale trade managers (1,094), retail sales person (844), and administrative officers (534). Retail salespersons (-1225), retail and wholesale trade managers (-777), food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations (-666) are the occupations with the highest, sustained demand in the tourism sector until 2025 in the South East region. The British Columbia 2025 Labour Market Outlook (2016) notes that provincially sales and service occupations, particularly in retail trade, offer significant opportunities for people enter ing the labour force and half of total projected job openings are expected to occur in the retail trade, arts, recreation, and hospitality industries (in addition to health and social assistance and professional services).21 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 22 Appendix A – References & Resources 1. Destination Canada. National Tourism Indicators - 2016 Highlights. (2016). 2. Statistics Canada. National tourism indicators, first quarter 2017. Available at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/170629/dq170629b-eng.htm. (Accessed: 22nd July 2017) 3. Destination Canada. 2016 Year in review. (2016). 4. Province of British Columbia. BC Jobs Plan: 5-Year Update. (2017). 5. Destination British Columbia. The Value of Tourism in British Columbia: Trends from 2005-2015. (2017). 6. BC Stats. Annual Tourism Indicators 2014. (2016). 7. WorkBC. Regional Profiles. (2017). Available at: https://www.workbc.ca/Labour -MarketIndustry/Regional-Profiles.aspx. (Accessed: 15th May 2017) 8. Columbia Basin Rural Development Institute. Trends Analysis: Demographics. (2016). 9. Columbia Basin Rural Development Institute. Trends Analysis: Economy. (2016). 10. Columbia Basin Rural Development Institute. Trends Analysis: Education and Learning. (2016). 11. Columbia Basin Rural Development Institute. Our Region. (2017). Availabl e at: http://www.cbrdi.ca/about-us/our-region/. (Accessed: 17th May 2017) 12. WorkBC. 2025 Labour Market Outlook. (2016). 13. WorkBC. Regional Profile: Kootenay. (2017). Available at: https://www.workbc.ca/Labour-Market-Information/Regional -Profiles/3. (Accessed: 3rd June 2017) 14. BC Stats. Measuring the Size of British Columbia’s Tourism Sector. (2009). 15. The Canadian Tourism Research Institute & The Conference Board of Canada. The Future of Canada’s Tourism Sector: Shortages to Resurface as Labour Markets Tighten. (2012). 16. Destination British Columbia Corp. Value of Tourism in 2015: A snapshot of tourism in BC. (2017). 17. BC Stats. British Columbia Tourism GDP and Employment. (2015). Available at: http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/data/statistics/economy/bc-economic-accountsgdp. (Accessed: 25th July 2017) 18. Statistics Canada. North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012. (2012). 19. BC Stats. British Columbia Labour Force Participation Rate Projections: 2013 Edition . (2013). 20. Ministry of Jobs Tourism and Skills Training--BC Stats. Updated B.C. and Regional Labour Force Participation Rate Projections: 2014 - 2033. (2013). Available at: http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/data/statistics/employment-labour/labour-marketstatistics. (Accessed: 5th September 2017) 21. WorkBC. 2025 Labour Market Outlook. (2016). L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 23 22. WorkBC. Industry Outlook Profile: Accommodation Services. (2016). 23. WorkBC. Industry Outlook Profile: Air Transportation. (2016). 24. WorkBC. Industry Outlook Profile: Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation. (2016). 25. WorkBC. Industry Outlook Profile: Food Services and Drinking Places. (2016). 26. WorkBC. Industry Outlook Profile: Heritage Institutions. (2016). 27. WorkBC. Industry Outlook Profile: Performing Arts and Spectator Sports. (2016). 28. Ministry of Jobs Tourism and Skills Training - Labour Market Information. 2015-2025 Labour Market Outlook Occupation Supply and Demand for BC and Region. (2015). 29. Ministry of Jobs Tourism and Skills Training - Labour Market Information. 2015 - 2025 Labour Market Outlook Occupations Job Openings for BC and Region. (2016). L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 24 Appendix B - BC Tourism Sector NAICS & NOC Codes BC Tourism Sector NAICS Codes NAICS 4811 4812 4821 4831 4832 4851 4852 4853 4854 4855 4859 4871 4872 4879 532111 532120 7211 7212 Description  Scheduled air transport  Non-scheduled air transport  Rail transportation o of which: o Tourism sub-industries o 482114 Passenger rail transportation o Non-tourism sub-industries o 482112 Short-haul freight rail transportation o 482113 Mainline freight rail transportation  Deep sea, coastal and great lakes water transportation  Inland water transportation  Urban transit systems  Interurban and rural bus transportation  Taxi and limousine service  School and employee bus transportation  Charter bus industry  Other transit and ground passenger transportation  Scenic and sightseeing transportation, land  Scenic and sightseeing transportation, water  Scenic and sightseeing transportation, other  Passenger car rental  Truck, utility trailer and RV (recreational vehicle) rental and leasing  Traveller accommodation o 72111 Hotels o 72112 Motor Hotels o 72113 Resorts o 72113 Motels  RV (recreational vehicle) parks and recreational camps o 721211 RV (recreational vehicle) parks and campgrounds o 721212 Hunting and fishing camps o 721213 Recreational (except hunting and fishing) and vacation camps 7220  51213 7110   7121 713A1 7131    Food services and drinking places o 72211 Full-service restaurants o 72221 Limited-service eating places o 72241 Drinking places (alcoholic beverages) Motion picture and video exhibition Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries o 7111 Performing arts companies o 7112 Spectator sports o 7115 Independent artists, writers and performers Heritage institutions Amusement and recreation industries Amusement parks and arcades L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 25 7139     5615  7132 Gambling industries Other amusement and recreation industries o 71391 Golf courses and country clubs o 71392 Skiing facilities o 71393 Marinas o 71395 Bowling centres o 71399 All other amusement and recreation industries Travel arrangements and reservation services Tourism Sector National Occupation Classification (NOC) Codes Occupations         Sales & Service Occupations                           Priority Occupation Retail sales supervisors Technical sales specialist-wholesale trade Retail & wholesale buyers Sales & account representatives - wholesale trade Retail salesperson Food Service supervisors Executive housekeepers Accommodation, travel, tourism & related services supervisors Customer & information service supervisors Cleaning supervisors Other services supervisors Chefs Cooks Butchers, meat cutters & fishmongers – retail & wholesale Bakers Maîtres d’hôtel & hosts/hostesses Bartenders Food & beverage servers Hotel front desk clerks Travel counsellors Tour & travel guides Outdoor sport & recreational guides Casino occupations Security guards & related security service occupations Customer service representatives - financial institutions Other customer & information services representatives Esthetician, electrologists & related occupations Cashiers Service station attendants Store stockers, clerks & order fillers Other sales related occupations Food Counter attendants, kitchen helpers & related support occupations Support occupations in accommodation, travel & facilities setup services Operators & attendants in amusement, recreation & sport Code 6211 6221 6222 6411 6421 6311 6312 6313 6314 6315 6316 6321 6322 6331 6332 6511 6512 6513 6525 6521 6531 6532 6533 6541 6551 6552 6562 6611 6621 6622 6623 6711 6721 6722 6731 6732 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 26 Transportation      Light duty cleaners Specialized cleaners Janitors, caretakers & building superintendents Dry cleaning, laundry & related occupations Other service support occupations 6733 6741 6742           Air Pilots, flight engineers & flying instructors Air traffic controllers & related occupations Railway traffic controllers and marine traffic regulators Deck officers, water transport Engineer officers, water transport Bus drivers, subway operators and other transit operators Taxi and limousine drivers and chauffeurs Pursers and flight attendants Airline ticket & service agents Ground & water transportation agents, cargo service representatives & related clerks Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors Air transport ramp attendants All other air transportation occupations 2271 2272 2275 2273 2274 7512 7513 6522 6523 6524 7315 7437 Transportation managers Railway and yard locomotive engineers Railway conductors and brakemen/women Motor vehicle mechanics, technicians, and mechanical repairers Bus drivers and subway and other transit operators Taxi and limousine drivers and chauffeurs All other transportation occupations (excl. air) Conservators and curators Technical occupations related to museums and art galleries Archivists Producers, directors, choreographers and related occupations Conductors, composers and arrangers Musicians and singers Dancers Actors and comedians Painters, sculptors and other visual artists Support occupations in motion pictures, broadcasting, photography and the performing arts Theatre, fashion, exhibit and other creative designers Artisans and crafts persons Athletes Coaches Sports officials and referees Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness Accommodation service managers 0713 7361 7362 7321 7412 7413    Other transportation Art, Culture, Recreation & Sport                         5112 5212 5113 5131 5132 5133 5134 5135 5136 5227 5243 5244 5251 5252 5253 5254 632 5254 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 27  Accommodation Food and beverage services Recreation & entertainment Travel Services Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport, and fitness  Chefs  Cooks  Bartenders  Food and beverage servers  Hotel front desk clerks  Light duty cleaners  Janitors, caretakers, and building superintendents  Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers, and related occupations  Restaurant and food service managers  Food service supervisors  Cashiers  Chefs  Cooks  Maîtres d'hôtel and hosts/hostesses  Bartenders  Food and beverage servers  Bakers  Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers, and related occupations  Delivery drivers  Recreation and sport program and service directors  Technical occupations related to museums and art galleries  Program leaders and instructors in recreation and sport  Retail salespersons and sales clerks  Cashiers  Security guards and related occupations  Casino occupations  Attendants in amusement, recreation, and sport  Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents  Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers, and related occupations  Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers  All other recreation and entertainment occupations Retail trade managers Travel counsellors All other travel services occupations 6241 6242 6452 6453 6435 6661 6663 6641 631 6212 6611 6241 6451 6452 6453 6252 6641 7414 531 5212 5254 6421 6611 6651 6443 621 6431 L a b o u r Ma r ke t P r o fi l e: Touri sm 28