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leader's job which pays $24,
$40,000 salary and tax-free others are
sitting. members Graham Lea, Bob ous and ‘Dave
Stupieh.

Vancouver Mayor Mike Harcourt, who many banner
would provide the kiss of life to the moribund party,
he would not run but ealled for new blood‘which as
interpreted as support for Viekers although Harcourt has

his ejection from the chamber. He was dragged through a
revolving door and. dumped outside the house and is
barred by the 8; until a new session ‘begins.

With the plight of Barrett in the background, party

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hers will be looking for signs of fragmentation in the
ranks while grading the house performances of the three
sitting members among the NDP leadership candidates.

But the early line favors two candidates without a
seat — Victoria lawyer David Vickers, 49, a former B.C.
deputy attorney general who is seeking public office for
the first time, and locomotive engineer Bill King, 63, who

\\ Ke MON

not endorsed any

Al Passarell, the member fronrthe northern riding of
Atlin who has provided. comic relief in the party's
struggle, dropped out in-favor of! King who also is
supported by Victoria member Gordon Hanson.

Stupich, 62, a former finance minister, is considered
to be too old and could be past the normal retirement age
of 65 before the next election.

Lea, a former taxi driver and radio announcer, and
Skelly, a former teacher, are viewed as lightweights.

Vickers, a party member since 1979, has support
from the powerful Cocke machine headed by legislature
member Dennis Cocke (New Westminster} and his wife
Yvonne, former party president and provincial secretary.
Also in this camp are labor critic Colin Gabelmann and
women's spokesman Rosemary Brown.

The Cockes also supported lawyer Tom Berger who
beat Barrett in a 1968 leadership battle and then saw the

Vickers, who has mounted » smooth campaign,
the distrust party oldtimers stung by Berger have of
successful plapest articulate young lawyers. However, his
lateness on the seone means he is not tainted politically
with what were considered the spendthrift ways of the
one-term NDP government.

Barrett, who sycceeded Berger as leader, has not
officially suy ‘any candidate but it is no secret he
convineéd King to run. While Barrett's support could be
considered a handicap in some circles, King has consid-
erable support from the labor unions that play a major
role in the party. He won their confidence during his
three years as labor minister.

His major drawback is that he is a member of the old
guard which many want to see ousted, and that he lost
his seat. But he is respected on both sides of the legis-
lature and has paid his dues to the NDP.

Both camps suggest they will continue Barrett's
position of moderation rather than left-wing approaches
which means style rather than policy and substance will
likely determine the new leader.

A major question facing both front-runners is where
they would seek election if selected. The nomination in
Barrett's safe Vancouver East seat is likely to go to Bob
Williams, the former cabinet minister who gave up his
seat in 1975 so Barrett could return to the legislature.

OTTAWA (CP) — A man-
ual can opener beat out all
electric models in a classic
tortoise-and-hare race con-
ducted by the Consumers
Association of Canada.

A lowly, wall-mounted
manual device that sells at
half the price of most electric
models opened a can faster
than 81 other models during
a test conducted by the

Results of the test were
published in the latest edition
of the association’s magazine,
Canadian Consumer.

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“Before the Luddites get
carried away, however, con-
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dangerous, not to mention
awkward, frustrating, frail
and slow,” the magazine

says.

Luddites were people in
19th-century England who
protested the Industrial Rev-
olution by smashing labor-
saving machines that put
people out of work.

The electric models took
from 10.2 seconds to 16.1
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ELECTION EVERY FOUR

YEARS

Tory claim

By JANET STEFFENHAGEN

OTTAWA (CP) — Constitutional experts dismiss the
oft-repeated Tory claim there is a tradition or practice that
requires a general election be held early this year — 12
months before the Liberal five-year mandate expires.

“That's ‘balderdash, utter nonsense,” says former
senator Eugene Forsey, an expert on government and
parliamentary tradition.

At least three non-wartime governments, including two
Conservative administrations, held power well into their
fifth year, he notes.

However, those three governments all lost power when
they did go to the voters — a trend that could be repeated
considering opinion polls that have been showing the Con-
pervatives far ahead of Prime Minister Trudeau's Liberals.

ion Leader Brian yy argued during last
soni 's throne speech debate that the Liberals are bound by
a “fundamental British tradition is this country” to go to the
polls in their fourth year, not their fifth.

The scheduling of an election prior to this Parliament's
fifth anniversary — February 1985 — is the prime minister's
prerogative. In fact, according to the Constitution, the next

vote may technically be postponed until February 1986.

_. MOVE, UNREALISTIC

"The J tive is unrealistic, however. If no
election March 1985, the House of Commons
will proche automatically

Technically, the Liberals could govern for an additional
12 months by cabinet order, raising money through special
spending warrants rather than new taxation, “which
Parliament must approve. However, it would be suicidal for
the Liberals to enrage voters in such a manner, Forsey says.

Conservative Robert Borden headed the only Canadian
government to hold power for more than five years. The

House of Commons and the Senate voted unanimously in
1916 to extend his term by 12 months in the hope of avoiding
a wartime election.

‘nonsense’

John Stewart, a political scientist at St. Francis Xavier
University in Nova Scotia, agrees four years may be the
average life span of Canadian Parliaments, but it is not a
binding tradition.

Constitutional law says Parliament may sit for five
years. “It would be unreasonable to try and vary the
Constitution by referring to what has been done from time
to time,” he says.

Tom McMillan, deputy Conservative House leader in
charge of question period, says the constitutional experts his
party consulted agree with the Tories’ position.

FOLLOWS LAW

He says Forsey’s assessment comes as no surprise
because the former senator has a reputation for paying
greater heed to the letter of the law than unwritten
tradition.

In any case, McMillan says, the electorate will be the
final judge. “The public expects the tradition to be honored

. and\the government is obliged to respond.”

Although Forsey vehemently disagrees with Mul-
roney's concept of tradition, he says any government con.
scious of historical lessons would seek a renewed mandate at
the end of its fourth year rather than appear to be stalling.

Every federal government that delayed going to the
polls until its fifth year suffered a dramatic loss of seats in
the Commons when the ballots were finally counted, says
Forsey.

For example, the Conservative government elected in
1891 with 123 séats lost 34 seats when it finally called an
election in 1896. Conservative Prime Minister R.B. Bennett,
elected in 1930 with 137 seats, was defeated in 1935 when it
captured only 39 seats.

More recently, Trudeau, who allowed almost five years
to lapse before calling the 1979 election, lost the government
and watched Liberal seats fall to 125 from 184 in 1974.

“It is generally considered unwise for a government to
carry on for a full five years,” the former senator says.

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OTTAWA (CP) — Federal
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“It makes sense from both
an economic and human-
service perspective to pay
people to work, rather than
not to work,” executive dir-
ector Terry Hunsley said in a
news release Tuesday.

More workers are desper-
ately needed in non-profit or-
ganizations to provide ser-
vices to senior citizens and to
help counter the aber of

t

compared with the net cost of
a full wage subsidy.
GIVES EXAMPLE
A married person in On-
tario, for example, who was
unable to find a job might
draw $10, 718 a year in unem-

was hired by a voluntary or-
ganization, the person would
pay more income tax, un-
employment insurance and
pension contributions and
medicare premiums.

And the net cost to gov-

benefits.

" However, he would also be
paying lower income taxes
than while working, he
woulde’t be paying into the

Hunsley ‘aaid,

Filling that need from the
ranks of the unemployed
could save governments an
estimated $3,300 a year for
every individual hired, he
said.

The council's estimate is
based on the net cost of
paying unemployment insur-
ance benefits for a typical
worker in a service industry

nt insurance
fund or the Canada Pension
Plan, and he would probably
have his monthly medicare
premiums subsidized by the
provincial government.

The council says the net
cost of those changes to both
levels of government would
be $14,638 a year.

If that same amount of
money was used instead as a
wage subsidy and the person

it would be $11,630, a
saving of $3,008.

Presumably, the fairest
way for such a plan to work
would be to have the wage
subsidies paid jointly by the
federal and provincial gov-
ernments.

Senior research adviser
Harry MacKay said the coun-
cil did not attempt to de-
termine what share of the
initial costs of the subsidies
should be paid by each level
of government.

The council is a non-profit
research group based in Ot-
tawa.

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AUGUSTA, ME. (AP) — ‘Atte Sullivating Canadian
markets for more than. 4 eo ham ‘small a

‘and commercial U.S. television stations from Bangor,
Me., to Seattle, Wash., say they are in danger of losing
those audiences — along With the revenues they
generate.

Decisions by Canadian regulators, intended to open
the airwaves to broader programming, have created a
handful of U.S. “superstations” that can send network
programs half a continent via satellite, U.S, station
Managers say.

_ The long-distance programming could push aside
U.S. regional stations, said Hope Green; general manager
of Vermont Educational Television and chairman of a
loose consortium of Public Broadcasting Service affiliates
across the United States.

PBS stations “have developed a great following in
‘Atlantic Canada,” Green said. “Those people love us.”

But six PBS affiliates in North Dakota “are really
suffering” and financial problems are looming in Seattle
as Canadian cable companies switch to satellite pro-
gramming, Green said.

POSES DANGER

“It's a terrible danger to our consortium” financially,
she said. But the greatest threat is to regional,
eross-border broadcasting, “which does a tremendous
amount of good as far as international understanding.”

Margo Cobb, general manager of Bangor'’s WLBZ,
said: “I would think that overall; thete is going to be an
impact on any (border) station.”

The U.S. stations’ fears date back two years, when

importers show 1983 sales of
foreign-built ‘ears, including

Japan
deal
‘peanuts’

TORONTO (CP) — Cana.
dian carmakers say they're
unimpressed, but parts ma-
kers see some positive signs
in a Japanese offer to set up a
$4-million fund to investigate
investment opportunities in
Canada’s auto industry.

“It’s peanuts,” said James
Dykes, president of the Mo
tor Vehicle Manufacturers
Association of Canada, which
represents the country's ma-
jor carmakers.

“Ford (Motor Co. of De-
troit) announced last week it
was ing six times that

the Canadian Radio-Television and T:
Commission ruled that Canadian Satellite Communi-
cations Inc., or CanCom, could transmit Canadian — and
later U.S. — programming via satellite. The idea was to
expand mming into remote corners of Canada.
Last year, the CRTC said CanCom, a government.

much on an assembly line
changeover in Oakville, and I
don't think that even made
the papers.”

Auto parts makers, how-
ever, wel d the

lMeensed private carrier, could provide pi from
four network affiliates in Detroit and Seattle to cable
companies in remote areas — or to those allowed under
CRTC rules to pick up more U.S. programming.

What constitutes a “remote area” is not always a
black-and-white issue, said CRTC spokesman Jeffrey
Atkins, so more and more cable companies want to
substitute feeds from the Canadian satellite for the
programs offered by regional U.S. stations.

OFFER CHEAP SERVICE

CanCom's service in some areas is cheaper than
regional programming, Canadian officials say. Some
Canadian cable operators are asking to drop regional
telecasts for satellite feeds.

Meanwhile, “virtually all” microwave contracts with
Bell of Canada, through’ which many cable companies
receive U.S. programming, expire in 1987, said David
Colville, director of communications policy for Nova
Scotia. ‘ ,

This expiration will give many Canadian cable
operators a chance to switch to the superstations’ pro-
eerie potentially leaving the regional stations out in

bene all translates into fewer viewer dollars for PBS
and less advertising revenue for their commercial
counterparts.

“The potential loss of revenue is significant,” said
Edward Winchester, general manager of the Maine
Public Broadcasting Network in Orono.

He said 35 to 40 per cent of the network's
contributors are Canadians, adding: “Those folks have a
lot to lose.”

Prairie Public Television of North Dakota receives
half of its member contributions from Canadians, the
six-station network's development director, Keith
LaQua, said.

The loss of Canadian markets would have “a fairly
severe impact on us,” as well as commercial stations in
that state, he said.

The Pez into cards

TORONTO (CP) — Van- birthday. Other comics lined
couver mining promoter up for the cards include
Murray Pezim wants to Bishop, Thomas and Buddy
strike pay dirt in greeting Hackett.
cards with a little help from The cards will cover 1,500

topics and will sell for $2.99:
The new company is a sub-

behind the Hemlo gold camp
in Northern Ontario, said in a
telephone interview that he
has formed yet another com-

move, made at the outset of a
visit to Japan by federal
Industry Minister Ed Lum-
ley.

Pat Levelle, president of
the Automotive Parts Manu-
facturers’ Association of
Canada, said the announce-
ment of the Japanese offer is
a “positive sign the industry
in Tokyo is beginning to focus
on Japanese investment op-
portunities” even though it
hardly compares with what
Japanese companies are
doing in other countries.

has offered to contribute $3
million and the Japan Auto
Parts Industries Association
$1 million to set up Capital
Investment Corp.

The corporation's purpose
would be to make new
investments in Canada, but
the Japanese associations al-
so said the offer was made to
“head off protectionism” in
the Canadian auto industry.

Lumley didn’t comment on
the offer, but aides said his
reaction was positive. How-
ever, it would require con-
crete projects before benefits
to Canada could be deter-
mined, they said.

The federal government
hopes the talks will lead to
greater purchases of Cana-
dian auto parts by Japan,
more investment in parts
production and car assembly
in Canada, more investment
in parts production and car
assembly in Canada, and
joint ventures between Jap-
anese and Canadian compan-

Dykes said Lumley “prob-
ably has some sort of meas-
ure in his mind,” but doubted
the $4-million offer by the in-
dustry groups would satisfy
the minister.

pany — Pizzazz
from the Stars — to market
greeting cards that goon sale
next month.

Pezim, who either controls

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The Japanese again domin-
ated the import segment, ac-
counting for more than four-
fifths of all sales from abroad,
only fractionally lower than
the previous year.

While import sales were

Chrysler and American Mo-
tors — surged to their best
levels since 1979 as the auto
market rebounded from
three years of deep reces-
sion.

Canadian sales of more
than 627,000 North Ameri-
can-built cars topped the
nearly 500,000 sold the year
before by about 20 per cent.
The truck market, not in-
cluded in the import stat-
istics, saw even stronger

ins.

Keith Dixon, head of the
Automobile Importers Asso-
ciation of Canada, said the
1983 foreign sales figures
weren't bad considering the
limit on Japanese imports.

“In light of all the artificial
restraints on the market, 'm
quite pleased with the for-
eign carmakers’ perfor-
mance,” Dixon said. “The de-
mand for foreign cars hasn't
gone away. Without quotas
the Japanese could sell all
they brought in.”

“American

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has limited its car ex-

at the request of Can-
and the U.S. as North
carmakers
Tevamped their operations
and brought out smaller, fuel-
efficient cars to compete.
Japan agreed to ship only
158,000 cars to Canada in the
year ending March 31.

The U.S. recently negoti-
ated a 10-per-cent increase
this year, but Canadian offi
cials have yet to begin formal
talks on a new quota.

Although some industry
observers say Canada will
probably accept a similar in
crease, Dixon said Ottawa is
likely to insist on a reduction
of at least 1,000 units to back
demands being pressed by
Industry Minister Ed Lumley
for more Japanese invest.
ment here.

Last week, Lumley told
reporters in Tokyo a Japan-
ese auto industry plan to set
up a $4-million investment
company in Canada is a posi.
tive step and suggested ano-
ther $200 million in Japanese
auto money could be coming
this year.

Among the major import-
ers, the association reported
Volkswagen showed the best
gains last year, with a
21.7-per-cent improvement in
sales. Once Canada’s leading
car importer, Volkswagen
has dropped to fourth place
behind Japanese competitors
Toyota, Honda and Nissan,
which builds Datson cars.

CUTS PRICE

But West Germany's big-
gest automaker cut the price
of its popular 1984 Jetta

and save 25%

es business a break: A system-wide saving of .
fare. Fly Thexday, Wesinestay < or ve

compared with 19,878 in
1982.

Other West German car-
makers, BMW and Mercedes,
recorded gains of 8.4 and 6.1
per cent, respectively. Those
makers of luxury cars \sold
3,338 and 2,929 vehicles.

The three big Japanese
importers lost ground from
1982 as import quotas drag-
ged down sales for each com-
pany by between three and
four per cent. Honda retained
its position as the top seller,
with deliveries of 54,212 cars,
about 300 ahead of Toyota.
Nissan was third at 82,771.

With Mazda Canada and
Subaru picking up sales on
their competitors, the Jap-
anese industry as a whole
sold only 1,000 fewer cars
than in 1982.

Several companies drop-
ped out of the Canadian mar-
ket in 1983, including Rover,
Triumph and Peugeot.

The breakup of the Jaguar-
Rover-Triumph partnership
in 1982 benefitted Jaguar
Canada, which sold 530 cars
last year, compared with 304
when it was part of the
British sales group.

Fiat also faded badly in
1983, with sales of 297 cars,
31 per cent lower than the
previous year.

Sales of Russian-made
Lada cars fell sharply to
6,662 units from 7,895 in
1982. Industry watchers said
sales were hurt by negative
consumer reaction to Ladas
over the shooting down of a
South Korean airliner over
the Soviet Union as early
September.

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